Chronic Co Morbid Conditions in HIV U.S. Adults on Highly Effective Anti Retroviral Therapy (R01) | Apply Online

Opportunity Summary:

This funding opportunity (RFA-NR-10-001) is a National Institutes of Health grant announcement from the National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR) that supports R01 Research Project Grant applications focused on chronic co-morbid conditions affecting U.S. adults living with HIV who are receiving highly effective antiretroviral therapy (ART). The central goal is to push research beyond viral suppression alone and toward understanding, preventing, and treating the long-term health conditions that can emerge as people with HIV live longer, particularly into middle and older age. The FOA emphasizes that these co-morbidities may be driven by the HIV disease process itself, by long-term exposure to ART, or by interactions between biological changes and behavioral factors over time.

The projects sought under this announcement can be mechanistic (explaining how and why these conditions develop) and/or intervention-oriented (testing strategies to prevent, reduce, or manage them). NINR highlights a need for stronger evidence on the natural history of these conditions in HIV-positive adults, including both biological manifestations (for example, metabolic, vascular, inflammatory, renal, or neurologic changes) and behavioral manifestations (such as symptoms, functional decline, treatment adherence challenges, lifestyle factors, and self-management burdens). The FOA points to several priority examples of co-morbid conditions that are commonly seen in this population, including cachexia or wasting-related problems, diabetes and other metabolic disorders, kidney disease, neurological changes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. It also notes that similar conditions appear in aging adults without HIV, but the trajectory, timing, severity, and best interventions may differ for people living with HIV, especially in the context of chronic ART exposure and HIV-related immune or inflammatory effects.

A key rationale for the announcement is the major shift in HIV care since the late 1990s, when protease inhibitors and subsequent advances made combination ART widely effective. Because ART options and regimens have continued to evolve, the FOA frames this as an important moment to reassess outcomes associated with long-term treatment and to identify new research opportunities related to treatment-associated co-morbidities. In practice, that means proposals are expected to be relevant to contemporary ART-treated populations and to inform how clinicians and communities can address chronic conditions as HIV becomes a more manageable, long-term illness.

The FOA strongly encourages interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary research teams, reflecting the reality that these co-morbidities span multiple organ systems and require integrated approaches across nursing research, medicine, behavioral science, epidemiology, physiology, and other relevant fields. It also explicitly encourages research teams that include investigators who are underrepresented in biomedical research, including minority, disabled, and women investigators, aligning with broader NIH priorities on workforce diversity and inclusive scientific leadership.

On the administrative side, this announcement uses the NIH R01 mechanism, which is designed for mature, hypothesis-driven projects with robust research plans. It runs in parallel with a separate but scientifically identical announcement (RFA-NR-10-002) that supports the R21 mechanism, which typically funds earlier-stage or exploratory studies. The program is discretionary, categorized under education and health, and tied to CFDA 93.361 (Nursing Research). There is no cost-sharing requirement. The total estimated funding listed is $1,875,000, with an award ceiling of $500,000. Key dates show it was posted February 4, 2010, with an original and current closing date of May 5, 2010, and an archive date of June 5, 2010.

Eligibility is broad and includes a wide range of organization types such as public and private institutions of higher education, nonprofits (including 501(c)(3) and certain non-501(c)(3) entities), small businesses and other for-profit organizations, state and local governments, tribal governments and tribal organizations (including federally recognized tribes), public housing authorities, independent school districts, regional organizations, U.S. territories or possessions, and several designated institution categories such as HBCUs, Hispanic-serving institutions, tribally controlled colleges and universities, Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian-serving institutions, and faith-based or community-based organizations. The opportunity is therefore structured to allow both academic and community-linked research organizations to compete, which fits the real-world nature of chronic disease management in HIV.

Overall, the grant is aimed at generating actionable knowledge about why chronic co-morbid conditions arise in ART-treated U.S. adults with HIV, how they progress across aging, and what interventions can meaningfully reduce their health impact. The long-term intent is to improve quality of life, symptom and disease management, and health outcomes for people living with HIV as survival continues to improve and the clinical focus increasingly includes complex, multi-condition chronic care.

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