Chronic Inflammation and Age related Disease (R01) | Apply Online

Opportunity Summary:

The NIH grant opportunity "Chronic Inflammation and Age related Disease (R01)" (Funding Opportunity Number PAR-13-233) supports research projects that explain where low-level, persistent inflammation in aging comes from and how it contributes to the development and worsening of age-related diseases. The central premise behind the announcement is that chronic inflammation, often reflected by increased local and systemic cytokines and other pro-inflammatory mediators, is a common feature of aging across many higher animals, including humans. NIH highlights this "background" inflammatory state as a major risk factor that appears to accelerate or amplify many conditions associated with older age, but also emphasizes that key pieces of the biology remain poorly defined. In particular, the agency points to major gaps in understanding which specific phenotypes and biological pathways generate chronic inflammation with age, which mediators are most important in different contexts, and exactly how inflammatory signaling damages or disrupts cells and tissues in ways that push disease forward.

A major goal of the FOA is to encourage mechanistic, hypothesis-driven work that clarifies the molecular and cellular basis for the age-related rise in circulating inflammatory factors. This includes studies that identify the sources of inflammatory mediators (for example, particular immune cell states, senescent cells, dysfunctional tissue-resident cells, altered microbiome-host interactions, or damaged organ systems) and that map the signaling pathways that sustain inflammation over time rather than resolving it. The announcement also seeks projects that go beyond correlation and directly test cause-and-effect relationships between inflammation and disease. In other words, applicants are expected to design experiments that can distinguish whether chronic inflammation is a driver of pathology, a consequence of emerging disease, or part of a feedback loop that makes disease progressively worse. The FOA frames this as essential for building a knowledge base that can ultimately inform prevention strategies and interventions for multiple age-related conditions.

Another emphasis is the relative lack of research on how dietary supplements and overall nutritional status influence chronic inflammation in the context of aging and age-related disease. NIH explicitly notes that this area is understudied and invites work that rigorously examines nutritional exposures, supplement use, or nutrient-sensing pathways as potential modulators of inflammatory tone and downstream tissue integrity. This does not imply a presumption that supplements are beneficial; rather, it signals interest in careful, mechanistic preclinical studies that can establish biological plausibility, define mechanisms, and clarify when and how nutritional variables alter inflammatory mediators and disease trajectories.

The research scope is focused on preclinical approaches, meaning applications should primarily use animal models and/or cellular systems to investigate mechanisms. This focus is meant to enable controlled experimentation on inflammatory mediators, tissues, and pathways that would be difficult to isolate in human observational studies. Successful applications under this FOA would be expected to use models appropriate to the disease or condition being studied and to incorporate measurements of inflammatory factors and functional outcomes that reflect tissue compromise and disease progression. The overarching expectation is that projects will produce clear mechanistic insights into the interplay between aging, chronic inflammation, and age-related diseases, rather than simply documenting inflammatory associations.

From an administrative standpoint, this is an NIH R01 discretionary grant mechanism, with no cost sharing or matching requirement. The opportunity was posted and created on May 30, 2013, with an original and final closing date of September 7, 2014, and an archive date of October 8, 2014. The FOA spans a wide range of NIH mission areas reflected in multiple CFDA numbers, including aging research as well as programs tied to environmental health, complementary and integrative health, sleep disorders, alcohol research, cancer research (across prevention through control), cardiovascular and lung diseases, blood disorders, musculoskeletal and skin diseases, allergy and infectious diseases, microbiology, and child health and human development. This breadth signals that NIH viewed chronic inflammation in aging as a cross-cutting biological driver relevant to many disease areas rather than a niche topic confined to a single institute.

Eligibility is broad and includes many organization types such as small businesses, for-profit entities, nonprofit organizations (including those with and without 501(c)(3) status), public and private institutions of higher education, and a range of government entities (city, county, state, special districts, and school districts). The FOA also explicitly includes tribal governments and tribal organizations, public housing authorities, and a variety of designated institution categories (for example, HBCUs, Hispanic-serving institutions, tribally controlled colleges and universities, and Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian-serving institutions). Importantly, non-U.S. entities are eligible to apply, including foreign organizations and foreign institutions, and foreign components of U.S. organizations are allowed consistent with the NIH Grants Policy Statement. NIH lists an official announcement link (http://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/pa-files/PAR-13-233.html) and provides the NIH Office of Extramural Research webmaster contact for access or linking issues (FBOWebmaster@OD.NIH.GOV).

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