Opportunity Information: Apply for PA 14 095
Apply for PA 14 095
- The National Institutes of Health in the education health sector is offering a public funding opportunity titled "Eradication of HIV 1 from Central Nervous System Reservoirs (R01)" and is now available to receive applicants.
- Interested and eligible applicants and submit their applications by referencing the CFDA number(s): 93.242 Mental Health Research Grants 93.279 Drug Abuse and Addiction Research Programs 93.853 Extramural Research Programs in the Neurosciences and Neurological Disorders 93.855 Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research 93.856 Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Research.
- This funding opportunity was created on Feb 11, 2014 and posted on Feb 11, 2014.
- Applicants must submit their applications by Jan 7, 2017. (Agency may still review applications by suitable applicants for the remaining/unused allocated funding in 2026.)
- Eligible applicants include: Nonprofits that do not have a 501(c)(3) status with the IRS, other than institutions of higher education For profit organizations other than small businesses Special district governments Independent school districts City or township governments State governments County governments Others (see text field entitled Additional Information on Eligibility for clarification) Private institutions of higher education Small businesses Public and State controlled institutions of higher education Native American tribal organizations (other than Federally recognized tribal governments) Nonprofits having a 501(c)(3) status with the IRS, other than institutions of higher education Public housing authorities/Indian housing authorities Native American tribal governments (Federally recognized).
- Other Eligible Applicants include the following Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian Serving Institutions Asian American Native American Pacific Islander Serving Institutions (AANAPISISs) Eligible Agencies of the Federal Government Faith based or Community based Organizations Hispanic serving Institutions Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) Indian/Native American Tribal Governments (Other than Federally Recognized) Non domestic (non U.S.) Entities (Foreign Organizations) Regional Organizations Tribally Controlled Colleges and Universities (TCCUs) U.S. Territory or Possession Non domestic (non U.S.) Entities (Foreign Institutions) are eligible to apply. Non domestic (non U.S.) components of U.S. Organizations are eligible to apply. Foreign components, as defined in the NIH Grants Policy Statement, are allowed.
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Opportunity Summary:
The NIH grant opportunity "Eradication of HIV 1 from Central Nervous System Reservoirs (R01)" (Funding Opportunity Number PA-14-095) is a discretionary research grant designed to tackle one specific problem in HIV cure science: why HIV-1 can persist in the central nervous system (CNS) even when a person is taking highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and the virus is otherwise well suppressed. The focus is narrowly and intentionally limited to the CNS as a reservoir, meaning the science proposed should center on HIV persistence, latency, and rebound risks in brain and other CNS-related compartments rather than broader whole-body cure strategies. The FOA is interested in proposals spanning basic through translational research and allows work in both U.S. and international settings.
The announcement highlights five main research directions. First, it encourages basic studies that identify and carefully characterize persistent HIV-1 in CNS-derived cell types that are considered especially relevant to brain infection and inflammation, including macrophages, microglia, and astrocytes, specifically in the setting of suppressive antiretroviral therapy. This area also explicitly allows investigation of how substance use may shape persistence in these CNS cell populations, reflecting the reality that chronic substance use can alter neuroinflammation, immune responses, and treatment outcomes. Second, the FOA calls for mechanistic research on how persistent HIV becomes established in the CNS over time, how it is maintained during therapy, and what drives resurgence, with special attention to the timing of antiretroviral treatment. In practice, that means studies looking at early versus delayed therapy initiation and how that timing influences the formation or durability of CNS reservoirs.
Third, the FOA supports the development of physiologically relevant experimental systems that better model CNS HIV persistence under effective HAART. This includes both animal models and CNS-based cellular assays intended to mimic latency and persistence as they occur in real biological contexts, again including models that incorporate the effects of chronic substance use. The emphasis on "physiologically relevant" models signals interest in systems that reflect key features of CNS biology (cell types, immune environment, drug penetration, neuroinflammation) rather than overly simplified setups that may not translate. Fourth, the announcement seeks studies that evaluate current and emerging HIV eradication approaches specifically for their ability to reactivate or expose persistent HIV in CNS-derived cells like macrophages, microglia, and astrocytes. In other words, if investigators are testing cure-directed interventions, the FOA wants clarity on whether these interventions can reach the CNS reservoir and whether they actually affect persistent virus in CNS-relevant cells, not just in peripheral blood or lymphoid tissues.
Fifth, the FOA places a strong emphasis on safety and neurological risk by inviting research that assesses CNS toxicity and other adverse impacts of eradication strategies. This reflects a key concern in cure research: interventions that might be tolerable in other tissues could have unacceptable consequences in the brain, where inflammation, neuronal injury, or disruption of glial function can lead to lasting harm. Projects in this category might evaluate neurotoxicity, effects on neurocognitive function, or other markers of CNS injury and inflammation, particularly when interventions are designed to activate latent virus or alter immune responses.
From an administrative and eligibility standpoint, this is an NIH R01 grant mechanism, and it was posted February 11, 2014, with an original and final closing date of January 7, 2017, and an archive date of February 7, 2017. No cost sharing or matching is required. Eligible applicants are broad and include many U.S. organization types (public and private institutions of higher education, nonprofits with or without 501(c)(3) status, small businesses and other for-profits, and a range of local, state, county, and special district government entities). The eligibility language also explicitly includes tribal governments and tribally controlled institutions, U.S. territories and possessions, and a wide array of mission-focused institutions such as HBCUs, Hispanic-serving institutions, and other minority-serving institutions. Importantly, non-U.S. entities are eligible as well: foreign organizations and foreign institutions can apply, non-U.S. components of U.S. organizations are eligible, and foreign components are allowed under NIH policy, which supports the FOA's stated openness to international research settings.
The funding activity is categorized under education and health, with CFDA program areas spanning mental health research, drug abuse and addiction research, neurosciences and neurological disorders, and infectious disease and microbiology. That mix reflects the multidisciplinary nature of CNS HIV persistence: it sits at the intersection of virology, immunology, neurology, neuroinflammation, and behavioral or substance use research. While multidisciplinary teams are encouraged, they are not required, so a single lab with the right expertise can apply, but collaborative proposals that combine virology, CNS biology, modeling, and clinical or translational insight would fit naturally within the FOA's intent.
The sponsoring agency is the National Institutes of Health, and the full announcement was hosted through the NIH grants guide (PA-14-095). For access issues, the contact provided is the NIH Office of Extramural Research webmaster (FBOWebmaster@OD.NIH.GOV).
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
What is the name of this NIH funding opportunity?
The opportunity is titled "Eradication of HIV 1 from Central Nervous System Reservoirs (R01)."
What is the Funding Opportunity Number (FOA number)?
The Funding Opportunity Number is PA-14-095.
What type of grant mechanism is being used?
This opportunity uses the NIH R01 mechanism, which is a discretionary research grant.
What is the main scientific problem this FOA is trying to address?
The FOA targets a specific HIV cure science problem: why HIV-1 can persist in the central nervous system (CNS) even when a person is on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and the virus is otherwise well suppressed.
Is the focus limited to the central nervous system (CNS), or can proposals address whole-body HIV cure strategies?
The focus is intentionally limited to the CNS as an HIV reservoir. Proposed science should center on HIV persistence, latency, and rebound risks in brain and other CNS-related compartments, rather than broad whole-body cure strategies.
What stages of research are encouraged (basic, translational, etc.)?
The FOA is interested in proposals spanning basic through translational research.
Can projects be conducted outside the United States?
Yes. The FOA allows work in both U.S. and international settings and explicitly includes eligibility for foreign organizations and foreign institutions under NIH policy.
What are the main research directions highlighted in the announcement?
The announcement highlights five main directions: (1) basic studies to identify and characterize persistent HIV-1 in CNS-derived cell types under suppressive therapy, (2) mechanistic studies of establishment, maintenance, and resurgence of CNS persistence, including the timing of ART, (3) development of physiologically relevant experimental systems modeling CNS persistence under effective HAART, (4) evaluation of eradication approaches for their effects on persistent HIV in CNS-derived cells, and (5) assessment of CNS toxicity and neurological risks of eradication strategies.
Which CNS cell types are specifically called out as relevant to HIV persistence?
The FOA specifically notes macrophages, microglia, and astrocytes as CNS-derived cell types considered especially relevant to brain infection and inflammation.
Does the FOA allow research on how substance use affects CNS HIV persistence?
Yes. It explicitly allows investigation of how substance use may shape HIV persistence in CNS cell populations, recognizing that chronic substance use can affect neuroinflammation, immune responses, and treatment outcomes.
What kinds of mechanistic questions does the FOA emphasize?
It emphasizes mechanisms of how persistent HIV becomes established in the CNS over time, how it is maintained during therapy, and what drives resurgence (rebound), with special attention to the timing of antiretroviral treatment initiation (early versus delayed therapy).
Are model systems and assays part of the scope?
Yes. The FOA supports developing physiologically relevant experimental systems to model CNS HIV persistence under effective HAART, including animal models and CNS-based cellular assays, and it also allows models incorporating chronic substance use effects.
What does "physiologically relevant" mean in the context of this FOA?
In this FOA, "physiologically relevant" signals interest in models that reflect key features of CNS biology (such as relevant CNS cell types, immune environment, drug penetration, and neuroinflammation), rather than overly simplified systems that may not translate.
Does the FOA support testing HIV eradication or cure-directed interventions?
Yes, but specifically in terms of whether current or emerging eradication approaches can reactivate or expose persistent HIV in CNS-derived cells (including macrophages, microglia, and astrocytes), and whether interventions can reach and affect the CNS reservoir rather than only peripheral compartments.
Is safety or neurotoxicity a focus of this opportunity?
Yes. A major emphasis is assessing CNS toxicity and other adverse neurological impacts of eradication strategies, reflecting concerns that interventions may have unacceptable consequences in the brain.
What kinds of safety outcomes are in scope, based on the announcement?
Examples described include neurotoxicity, effects on neurocognitive function, and other markers of CNS injury and inflammation, particularly for interventions designed to activate latent virus or alter immune responses.
Is cost sharing or matching required?
No. The opportunity states that no cost sharing or matching is required.
When was this FOA posted?
It was posted on February 11, 2014.
What were the original and final closing dates for applications?
The original and final closing date listed is January 7, 2017.
When was this FOA archived?
The archive date is February 7, 2017.
Who is eligible to apply within the United States?
Eligibility is broad and includes public and private institutions of higher education, nonprofits with or without 501(c)(3) status, small businesses and other for-profits, and various government entities (local, state, county, and special district).
Are tribal organizations and minority-serving institutions included in eligibility?
Yes. The eligibility language explicitly includes tribal governments and tribally controlled institutions, as well as mission-focused institutions such as HBCUs, Hispanic-serving institutions, and other minority-serving institutions.
Are U.S. territories and possessions eligible?
Yes. U.S. territories and possessions are explicitly included in the eligibility description.
Are foreign organizations or foreign institutions eligible to apply?
Yes. The FOA states that foreign organizations and foreign institutions can apply, non-U.S. components of U.S. organizations are eligible, and foreign components are allowed under NIH policy.
What broad program areas does this opportunity span?
The CFDA program areas span mental health research, drug abuse and addiction research, neurosciences and neurological disorders, and infectious disease and microbiology.
Is a multidisciplinary team required?
No. Multidisciplinary teams are encouraged but not required. A single lab with appropriate expertise can apply, and collaborative proposals combining virology, CNS biology, modeling, and clinical or translational insight are consistent with the FOA's intent.
Which agency sponsors this funding opportunity?
The sponsoring agency is the National Institutes of Health (NIH).
Where was the full announcement hosted?
The full announcement was hosted through the NIH grants guide as PA-14-095.
Who is listed as the contact for access issues related to the announcement?
The contact provided for access issues is the NIH Office of Extramural Research webmaster at FBOWebmaster@OD.NIH.GOV.
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