Opportunity Information: Apply for PA 14 214
Apply for PA 14 214
- The National Institutes of Health in the health sector is offering a public funding opportunity titled "HIV Vaccine Vector Host Interactions Understanding the Biology and Immunology (R21)" and is now available to receive applicants.
- Interested and eligible applicants and submit their applications by referencing the CFDA number(s): 93.855 Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research 93.856 Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Research.
- This funding opportunity was created on May 13, 2014 and posted on May 12, 2014.
- Applicants must submit their applications by Jan 7, 2017. (Agency may still review applications by suitable applicants for the remaining/unused allocated funding in 2026.)
- Each selected applicant is eligible to receive up to $200,000.00 in funding.
- Eligible applicants include: Nonprofits that do not have a 501(c)(3) status with the IRS, other than institutions of higher education State governments Native American tribal governments (Federally recognized) Special district governments Independent school districts Nonprofits having a 501(c)(3) status with the IRS, other than institutions of higher education Native American tribal organizations (other than Federally recognized tribal governments) Public and State controlled institutions of higher education Private institutions of higher education City or township governments Small businesses County governments Public housing authorities/Indian housing authorities Others (see text field entitled Additional Information on Eligibility for clarification) For profit organizations other than small businesses.
- Other Eligible Applicants include the following Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian Serving Institutions Asian American Native American Pacific Islander Serving Institutions (AANAPISISs) Eligible Agencies of the Federal Government Faith based or Community based Organizations Hispanic serving Institutions Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) Indian/Native American Tribal Governments (Other than Federally Recognized) Non domestic (non U.S.) Entities (Foreign Organizations) Regional Organizations Tribally Controlled Colleges and Universities (TCCUs) U.S. Territory or Possession Non domestic (non U.S.) Entities (Foreign Institutions) are eligible to apply. Non domestic (non U.S.) components of U.S. Organizations are eligible to apply. Foreign components, as defined in the NIH Grants Policy Statement, are allowed.
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Opportunity Summary:
The NIH funding opportunity PA 14-214, titled "HIV Vaccine Vector Host Interactions Understanding the Biology and Immunology (R21)," is a discretionary grant program designed to support exploratory, early-stage research that strengthens the scientific understanding of how common viral infections and viral vaccine vectors interact with the host. The central aim is to generate clearer biological and immunological knowledge that can be used to design safer and more effective HIV vaccine strategies, particularly those that rely on viral vectors to deliver HIV antigens and stimulate protective immune responses. A major emphasis is on understanding host responses that could unintentionally raise HIV acquisition risk, for example by increasing the number or activation state of vector-specific CD4 T cells that can serve as HIV target cells.
The FOA directs applicants to focus specifically on four viral vector platform families: vectors derived from Adenoviridae, Poxviridae, Herpesviridae, or adeno-associated viruses (AAV). Proposed studies are expected to examine these platforms in humans and/or in non-human primate (NHP) models. By narrowing attention to these major vector categories, the program targets widely used and clinically relevant approaches in HIV vaccine development while encouraging deeper investigation into mechanisms that may not be fully captured by routine immunogenicity readouts alone.
A key scientific objective highlighted in the announcement is the development and refinement of improved safety models. In practice, this means research that helps predict, measure, and interpret vaccine-related effects that could create vulnerabilities to HIV infection. One example explicitly referenced is the possibility of increased HIV infection rates driven by immune activation and expansion of vector-specific HIV-susceptible cells, such as activated CD4 T cells. The FOA is therefore oriented toward mechanistic and translational immunology questions: how prior exposure to a vector (natural infection or pre-existing immunity), the tissue distribution of vector-induced immune responses, innate immune activation patterns, and the durability and phenotype of vector-specific T cell responses might influence both vaccine performance and HIV susceptibility.
From an administrative and funding standpoint, this opportunity uses the NIH R21 mechanism, which is typically intended for exploratory or developmental projects that can open up new lines of investigation, generate proof-of-concept data, or establish feasibility for larger future studies. The award ceiling listed is $200,000, and the opportunity states that cost sharing or matching is not required. The program falls under NIH health-related research activities and is associated with CFDA numbers 93.855 (Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research) and 93.856 (Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Research), reflecting its placement within infectious disease and immunology priorities.
Eligibility is broad and includes many organization types across the public, private, nonprofit, and governmental spectrum. Eligible applicants include public and private institutions of higher education, nonprofits with or without 501(c)(3) status, state and local governments, tribal governments and tribal organizations, special district governments, independent school districts, public housing authorities/Indian housing authorities, small businesses, and other for-profit organizations (with the note that small businesses are separately named as eligible). The FOA also explicitly welcomes applications from a wide range of mission-focused institutions such as Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs), Hispanic-serving institutions, Tribally Controlled Colleges and Universities (TCCUs), Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian Serving Institutions, and Asian American Native American Pacific Islander Serving Institutions (AANAPISIs), as well as faith-based and community-based organizations where appropriate. Importantly, foreign participation is allowed: non-U.S. entities (foreign organizations and foreign institutions) are eligible to apply, non-U.S. components of U.S. organizations are eligible, and foreign components as defined by the NIH Grants Policy Statement are permitted.
In terms of timing, the opportunity was posted in May 2014, with an original and current closing date listed as January 7, 2017, and an archive date of February 7, 2017, indicating the FOA is no longer active but remains available for reference. The sponsoring agency is the National Institutes of Health, and the full announcement was made available through the NIH grants guide. Contact information in the source points to the NIH Office of Extramural Research (OER) webmaster for access or linking issues, which is typical for archived FOA records.
Overall, PA 14-214 is centered on filling critical knowledge gaps about how viral vectors used in HIV vaccines behave in real biological systems and how the immune system responds to them in ways that affect both vaccine safety and HIV risk. By encouraging focused work on adenoviral, poxviral, herpesviral, and AAV-based vectors in humans and NHPs, the FOA aims to produce mechanistic insights and improved safety assessment tools that can guide next-generation HIV vaccine development and reduce the chance of unintended outcomes related to immune activation and HIV target cell dynamics.
FAQs: NIH Funding Opportunity PA-14-214 (R21)
What is the title of this NIH funding opportunity?
The funding opportunity is titled "HIV Vaccine Vector Host Interactions Understanding the Biology and Immunology (R21)" and is identified as PA-14-214.
What is the main purpose of PA-14-214?
The purpose is to support exploratory, early-stage research that improves scientific understanding of how common viral infections and viral vaccine vectors interact with the host. The goal is to generate biological and immunological knowledge that can inform safer and more effective HIV vaccine strategies, especially those using viral vectors to deliver HIV antigens and induce protective immune responses.
What kinds of projects is the R21 mechanism meant to support in this FOA?
This opportunity uses the NIH R21 mechanism, which is typically intended for exploratory or developmental work. Projects may be early-stage studies that open new lines of investigation, generate proof-of-concept data, or establish feasibility for larger future studies.
Why does this FOA emphasize HIV acquisition risk?
A major emphasis is understanding host responses that could unintentionally increase HIV acquisition risk. An example highlighted is raising the number or activation state of vector-specific CD4 T cells, which can serve as HIV target cells.
Which viral vector platform families are in scope for this FOA?
Applicants are directed to focus specifically on four viral vector platform families: vectors derived from Adenoviridae, Poxviridae, Herpesviridae, or adeno-associated viruses (AAV).
Are studies on other vector platforms allowed under this FOA?
Based on the FOA description provided, the focus is narrowed to four major vector categories (Adenoviridae, Poxviridae, Herpesviridae, and AAV). No additional vector families are indicated as in scope in the provided information.
What models or study populations are expected for proposed research?
Proposed studies are expected to examine the specified viral vector platforms in humans and/or in non-human primate (NHP) models.
What scientific gaps is this FOA trying to address?
The FOA aims to fill knowledge gaps about how viral vectors used in HIV vaccines behave in real biological systems and how the immune system responds to them in ways that affect both vaccine safety and HIV risk. It encourages deeper investigation into mechanisms that may not be captured by routine immunogenicity readouts alone.
What does the FOA mean by "improved safety models"?
It refers to developing and refining research approaches that help predict, measure, and interpret vaccine-related effects that could create vulnerabilities to HIV infection. A specific example mentioned is increased HIV infection rates potentially driven by immune activation and expansion of vector-specific HIV-susceptible cells such as activated CD4 T cells.
What types of host or immune factors does the FOA highlight as important to study?
The FOA is oriented toward mechanistic and translational immunology questions, including how prior exposure to a vector (natural infection or pre-existing immunity), tissue distribution of vector-induced immune responses, innate immune activation patterns, and the durability and phenotype of vector-specific T cell responses might influence vaccine performance and HIV susceptibility.
What is the maximum award amount mentioned for this opportunity?
The award ceiling listed is $200,000.
Is cost sharing or matching required?
No. The opportunity states that cost sharing or matching is not required.
Which NIH research areas or program categories is this FOA associated with?
The FOA falls under NIH health-related research activities and is associated with CFDA numbers 93.855 (Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research) and 93.856 (Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Research).
Who is eligible to apply?
Eligibility is broad and includes many organization types across public, private, nonprofit, and governmental sectors. Eligible applicants include public and private institutions of higher education; nonprofits with or without 501(c)(3) status; state and local governments; tribal governments and tribal organizations; special district governments; independent school districts; public housing authorities/Indian housing authorities; small businesses; and other for-profit organizations.
Does the FOA encourage applications from specific types of institutions?
Yes. The FOA explicitly welcomes applications from mission-focused institutions such as Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs), Hispanic-serving institutions, Tribally Controlled Colleges and Universities (TCCUs), Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian Serving Institutions, Asian American Native American Pacific Islander Serving Institutions (AANAPISIs), and, where appropriate, faith-based and community-based organizations.
Are foreign organizations eligible to apply?
Yes. The FOA states that non-U.S. entities (foreign organizations and foreign institutions) are eligible to apply.
Can non-U.S. components of U.S. organizations participate?
Yes. The FOA indicates that non-U.S. components of U.S. organizations are eligible.
Are foreign components permitted under NIH policy for this FOA?
Yes. Foreign components, as defined by the NIH Grants Policy Statement, are permitted.
When was this funding opportunity posted?
The opportunity was posted in May 2014.
What were the closing and archive dates for PA-14-214?
The original and current closing date listed is January 7, 2017, and the archive date is February 7, 2017.
Is this FOA currently active?
No. The dates provided indicate the FOA is no longer active and remains available for reference as an archived opportunity.
Which agency sponsored this opportunity?
The sponsoring agency is the National Institutes of Health (NIH).
Where was the full announcement made available?
The full announcement was made available through the NIH grants guide.
Who is listed as the contact for access or linking issues?
The source points to the NIH Office of Extramural Research (OER) webmaster for access or linking issues, which is typical for archived FOA records.
What is the central scientific outcome the FOA is trying to enable for HIV vaccines?
The FOA aims to produce mechanistic insights and improved safety assessment tools to guide next-generation HIV vaccine development, with particular attention to reducing the chance of unintended outcomes related to immune activation and HIV target cell dynamics.
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