Opportunity Information: Apply for PA 07 288
Apply for PA 07 288
- The National Institutes of Health in the health sector is offering a public funding opportunity titled "Immunology of Biofilms (R01)" and is now available to receive applicants.
- Interested and eligible applicants and submit their applications by referencing the CFDA number(s): 93.121 Oral Diseases and Disorders Research.
- This funding opportunity was created on Dec 5, 2008 and posted on Jan 9, 2007.
- Applicants must submit their applications by Sep 7, 2009 Multiple Receipt Dates See Link to Full Announcement for details.. (Agency may still review applications by suitable applicants for the remaining/unused allocated funding in 2026.)
- Eligible applicants include: Native American tribal organizations (other than Federally recognized tribal governments) Native American tribal governments (Federally recognized) Private institutions of higher education Small businesses For profit organizations other than small businesses County governments Nonprofits that do not have a 501(c)(3) status with the IRS, other than institutions of higher education Others (see text field entitled Additional Information on Eligibility for clarification) City or township governments Special district governments Public and State controlled institutions of higher education Nonprofits having a 501(c)(3) status with the IRS, other than institutions of higher education Independent school districts Public housing authorities/Indian housing authorities State governments.
- Foreign institutions are eligible to apply.
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Opportunity Summary:
The NIH grant opportunity "Immunology of Biofilms (R01)" (Funding Opportunity Number PA-07-288) is a discretionary research funding announcement aimed at advancing the science of how the human host responds immunologically to microbial biofilms, with the long-term goal of improving real-world approaches for diagnosing, preventing, and treating infections in which biofilms play a central role. The FOA grew out of two National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR) advisory conferences held in 2004 (the Biofilm Network Initiative Meeting and the Oral Mucosal Immunology Advisory Meeting), and it reflects a deliberate push to connect discoveries in basic biofilm biology and immunology to clinical problems seen in dentistry and broader medicine.
At its core, the program is trying to stimulate research that explains why biofilm-associated infections behave differently from infections caused by free-floating (planktonic) microbes, particularly in terms of immune recognition, immune evasion, chronic inflammation, and persistent infection. Biofilms are structured microbial communities that attach to surfaces and produce protective matrices, and they are notorious for causing infections that are difficult to clear. This FOA is focused on the host response side of that equation: what the immune system does when confronted with a biofilm, how that response might be ineffective or even damaging, and how those insights can be translated into better interventions.
A major theme of the announcement is collaboration across disciplines and across borders. The NIH explicitly encourages multi-investigator and multidisciplinary projects, including both domestic and international collaborations, that bring together people who normally would not be on the same team. The FOA highlights an intent to link clinical experts (dentists, physicians, nurses, and other clinicians who see biofilm-associated disease in patients) with basic and quantitative scientists (immunologists, microbiologists, materials scientists, mathematicians, and related specialists). The idea is that clinicians can better define the most pressing clinical questions and relevant disease settings, while laboratory and modeling researchers can contribute mechanistic insight, experimental systems, and analytical frameworks needed to solve those problems.
The funding mechanism is the NIH R01, meaning it supports full-scale, hypothesis-driven research projects that are typically larger and longer than exploratory grants. The FOA also notes that it runs in parallel with a separate, companion announcement of identical scientific scope that uses the R21 mechanism (PA-06-538), which is generally intended for earlier-stage, exploratory, or proof-of-concept work. In practice, this signals that NIH was trying to support a pipeline of projects, from preliminary high-risk ideas (R21) through more mature, comprehensive research programs (R01), all centered on immunology and biofilms.
In terms of budget and award counts, the FOA does not set a fixed dollar allocation or a fixed number of awards. Instead, it emphasizes that award size and duration will vary depending on the proposed science, and that final funding decisions will depend on the number of applications received, their quality, their proposed project periods, and their requested costs. This is fairly typical language for NIH program announcements where the institute wants flexibility to fund the strongest projects across a range of approaches.
Eligibility is broad and includes many types of U.S. organizations and governments, such as public and state-controlled institutions of higher education, private universities, nonprofits (including both 501(c)(3) and certain non-501(c)(3) entities), for-profit organizations (including small businesses and other for-profits), independent school districts, and multiple levels of government (state, county, city/township, special district), as well as tribal governments and tribal organizations. A notable point is that foreign institutions are also eligible to apply, reinforcing the FOA's emphasis on international collaboration and the global relevance of biofilm-associated infectious disease.
Administratively, the opportunity is listed under CFDA 93.121 (Oral Diseases and Disorders Research), is offered by the National Institutes of Health, and does not require cost sharing or matching. It was originally posted on January 9, 2007, and used multiple receipt dates (rather than a single deadline) during its active period, with the final listed closing date of September 7, 2009, and an archive date of October 7, 2009. The full announcement was hosted on the NIH grants guide website, and NIH provided general electronic access help through the NIH Office of Extramural Research (OER) webmaster contact.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs): NIH Immunology of Biofilms (R01) - PA-07-288
What is the NIH grant opportunity called, and what is the funding opportunity number?
The opportunity is titled "Immunology of Biofilms (R01)". The Funding Opportunity Number (FOA) is PA-07-288.
What is the main purpose of this FOA?
The FOA is intended to advance research on how the human host responds immunologically to microbial biofilms, with a long-term aim of improving real-world approaches for diagnosing, preventing, and treating infections where biofilms play a central role.
What types of scientific questions is this FOA trying to stimulate?
This program emphasizes research that explains why biofilm-associated infections behave differently than infections caused by free-floating (planktonic) microbes, especially in areas like immune recognition, immune evasion, chronic inflammation, and persistent infection.
What are biofilms in the context of this opportunity?
Biofilms are structured microbial communities that attach to surfaces and produce protective matrices. They are well known for causing infections that are difficult to clear.
Is this FOA focused on the microbes or the host?
The emphasis is on the host immune response to biofilms: what the immune system does when it encounters a biofilm, how that response may be ineffective or damaging, and how that knowledge could translate into better interventions.
What is the long-term goal of the research supported by this FOA?
The long-term goal is to improve practical approaches for diagnosing, preventing, and treating biofilm-associated infections by building a clearer understanding of the immunology involved.
What funding mechanism is used for this announcement?
This FOA uses the NIH R01 mechanism, which supports full-scale, hypothesis-driven research projects that are typically larger and longer than exploratory grants.
Is there a related NIH opportunity for smaller or earlier-stage projects?
Yes. The FOA notes a companion announcement with the same scientific scope that uses the R21 mechanism: PA-06-538. The R21 is generally intended for earlier-stage, exploratory, or proof-of-concept work.
Does the FOA encourage collaborative research?
Yes. The NIH explicitly encourages multi-investigator and multidisciplinary projects, including domestic and international collaborations, particularly teams that bring together experts who do not typically work together.
What kinds of disciplines and roles does NIH want to see working together?
The FOA highlights linking clinical experts (such as dentists, physicians, nurses, and other clinicians who treat biofilm-associated disease) with basic and quantitative scientists (including immunologists, microbiologists, materials scientists, mathematicians, and related specialists).
Why does the FOA emphasize clinician-scientist partnerships?
The FOA frames clinicians as essential for defining pressing clinical questions and relevant disease settings, while laboratory and modeling researchers contribute mechanistic insight, experimental systems, and analytical frameworks needed to address those problems.
Where did this FOA originate from?
The FOA grew out of two National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR) advisory conferences held in 2004: the Biofilm Network Initiative Meeting and the Oral Mucosal Immunology Advisory Meeting.
How does dentistry relate to this FOA if it also mentions broader medicine?
The FOA reflects an intentional effort to connect discoveries in basic biofilm biology and immunology to clinical problems seen in dentistry and in broader medical settings where biofilm-associated infections occur.
Does the FOA set a fixed budget amount or a fixed number of awards?
No. The FOA does not commit to a fixed dollar allocation or a fixed number of awards. Award size and duration are expected to vary based on the science proposed.
What factors influence how many awards are made and at what funding levels?
The FOA states that final funding decisions depend on the number of applications received, the quality of those applications, the proposed project periods, and the requested costs.
Is cost sharing or matching required?
No. The FOA states that cost sharing or matching is not required.
Who is eligible to apply?
Eligibility is broad and includes many types of U.S. organizations and governments, such as public and state-controlled institutions of higher education, private universities, nonprofits (including 501(c)(3) and certain non-501(c)(3) entities), for-profit organizations (including small businesses and other for-profits), independent school districts, and multiple levels of government (state, county, city/township, special district), as well as tribal governments and tribal organizations.
Are foreign institutions eligible to apply?
Yes. The FOA notes that foreign institutions are eligible, consistent with its emphasis on international collaboration and the global relevance of biofilm-associated infectious disease.
What is the CFDA number associated with this opportunity?
The opportunity is listed under CFDA 93.121 (Oral Diseases and Disorders Research).
Which agency is offering this grant opportunity?
This opportunity is offered by the National Institutes of Health (NIH).
When was this FOA originally posted?
The FOA was originally posted on January 9, 2007.
Did this FOA have a single deadline or multiple receipt dates?
It used multiple receipt dates during its active period, rather than a single deadline.
What was the final listed closing date and archive date?
The final listed closing date was September 7, 2009, and the archive date was October 7, 2009.
Where was the full announcement hosted?
The full announcement was hosted on the NIH Grants Guide website.
Who did NIH point to for general electronic access help?
NIH provided general electronic access help through the NIH Office of Extramural Research (OER) webmaster contact.
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