Opportunity Information: Apply for RFA AI 10 001
Apply for RFA AI 10 001
- The National Institutes of Health in the health sector is offering a public funding opportunity titled "Mechanisms and Prevention of Sexual Transmission of HIV/SIV (R01)" and is now available to receive applicants.
- Interested and eligible applicants and submit their applications by referencing the CFDA number(s): 93.855 Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation Research 93.856 Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Research.
- This funding opportunity was created on Feb 25, 2010 and posted on Feb 25, 2010.
- Applicants must submit their applications by Jul 19, 2010. (Agency may still review applications by suitable applicants for the remaining/unused allocated funding in 2026.)
- The funding agency has allocated a total of $6,000,000.00 to eligible and selected applicants.
- Each selected applicant is eligible to receive up to $150,000.00 in funding.
- Eligible applicants include: Others (see text field entitled Additional Information on Eligibility for clarification) Special district governments Nonprofits having a 501(c)(3) status with the IRS, other than institutions of higher education Public and State controlled institutions of higher education Native American tribal organizations (other than Federally recognized tribal governments) Public housing authorities/Indian housing authorities Nonprofits that do not have a 501(c)(3) status with the IRS, other than institutions of higher education Private institutions of higher education County governments Independent school districts For profit organizations other than small businesses Small businesses State governments City or township governments Native American tribal governments (Federally recognized).
- Other Eligible Applicants include the following Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian Serving Institutions Eligible Agencies of the Federal Government Faith based or Community based Organizations Hispanic serving Institutions Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) Indian/Native American Tribal Governments (Other than Federally Recognized) Non domestic (non U.S.) Entities (Foreign Organizations) Regional Organizations Tribally Controlled Colleges and Universities (TCCUs) U.S. Territory or Possession.
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Opportunity Summary:
The NIH National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) funding opportunity RFA-AI-10-001, titled "Mechanisms and Prevention of Sexual Transmission of HIV/SIV (R01)," was a discretionary research grant solicitation built around discovery-driven science on how HIV (and its primate counterpart SIV) is sexually transmitted across mucosal surfaces. The central goal was to push the field toward a clearer, more detailed picture of the earliest biological events that occur when virus first encounters mucosal tissues, including identifying new or underappreciated mechanisms of transmission, defining critical virus-host cell interactions at the portal of entry, and using those insights to inspire new directions for prevention. The program emphasis was strongly on generating novel insights rather than incremental work, with an explicit interest in ideas that could reshape thinking about how to achieve stronger mucosal protection against HIV/SIV.
Scientifically, the FOA targeted the window of infection where prevention efforts can have the greatest leverage: the initial steps of mucosal exposure, local replication, and establishment of infection. NIAID signaled interest in work that could reveal previously unknown pathways or cellular players involved in transmission, clarify how the virus crosses or exploits mucosal barriers, and explain how early host responses either fail or succeed at containment. Importantly, the announcement framed these mechanistic questions as a springboard for prevention innovation, encouraging applicants to connect early-event biology to new vaccine concepts as well as non-vaccine biomedical strategies. The language also made it clear that "outside the box" approaches were welcome, as long as they were grounded in rigorous discovery research that could plausibly open new prevention avenues.
From a funding and structure standpoint, awards were to be made using the NIH Research Project Grant (R01) mechanism, meaning projects were expected to be investigator-driven, hypothesis-informed, and substantial in scope, but organized as single-project R01s rather than multi-project centers. NIAID also pointed applicants to a companion solicitation with similar overall scientific scope but a different grant structure: RFA-AI-10-004, which used the Program Project Grant (P01) mechanism. Applicants were urged to choose one route or the other and not submit the same concept to both announcements, signaling that NIAID wanted proposals aligned to the most appropriate mechanism rather than duplicate submissions.
In terms of budget and anticipated output, NIAID planned to commit about $6.0 million in fiscal year 2010, with the expectation of supporting roughly 8 to 12 awards. As with most federal funding announcements, the final number of awards was contingent on congressional appropriations and the quality and competitiveness of the submitted applications, emphasizing that funding depended on both available dollars and scientific merit.
Eligibility was broad and inclusive, spanning many types of institutions and organizations. Eligible applicants included public and private institutions of higher education, nonprofits (including both 501(c)(3) and non-501(c)(3) entities), for-profit organizations (including small businesses and other for-profits), and multiple levels of government (state, county, city/township, special district). The FOA also explicitly included tribal governments and tribal organizations, public housing authorities/Indian housing authorities, independent school districts, and a range of mission-driven or capacity-building institution types such as Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs), Hispanic-Serving Institutions, Tribally Controlled Colleges and Universities (TCCUs), Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian Serving Institutions, and faith-based or community-based organizations. Non-U.S. entities (foreign organizations), regional organizations, and U.S. territories or possessions were also listed as eligible, reflecting NIAID's interest in a wide applicant pool for a globally relevant infectious disease problem. There was no cost-sharing or matching requirement, which reduced barriers for applicants who might not have had access to institutional matching funds.
Key administrative details place this as a time-limited 2010 opportunity: it was posted and created on February 25, 2010, with an original and current closing date of July 19, 2010, and an archive date of August 19, 2010. The opportunity fell under CFDA numbers 93.855 (Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation Research) and 93.856 (Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Research), aligning it with NIAID's infectious diseases and immunology portfolio. The listing included an award ceiling of $150,000 as provided in the source data, and pointed applicants to the full FOA text on the NIH grants website for complete requirements, review considerations, and submission instructions. For technical access issues, NIH Office of Extramural Research (OER) webmaster contact information was provided.
Overall, the opportunity was designed to catalyze high-impact, mechanistic mucosal transmission research that could change how the field thinks about stopping sexual transmission of HIV, and to translate those foundational insights into fresh, potentially unconventional prevention concepts spanning both vaccines and other biomedical interventions. It explicitly welcomed both established HIV researchers and investigators new to the HIV field, signaling an intent to bring new perspectives and methods into a challenging area where breakthroughs often depend on rethinking early infection biology.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
What is the funding opportunity described here?
This opportunity is the NIH National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) RFA-AI-10-001, titled "Mechanisms and Prevention of Sexual Transmission of HIV/SIV (R01)." It solicited discretionary research grant applications focused on discovery-driven science related to sexual transmission of HIV and SIV across mucosal surfaces.
Which NIH institute is sponsoring this FOA?
The sponsoring institute is the NIH National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID).
What is the main goal of RFA-AI-10-001?
The central goal was to drive a clearer, more detailed understanding of the earliest biological events during mucosal exposure to HIV/SIV, including how virus first encounters mucosal tissues, how transmission may occur via known or newly identified mechanisms, and how those insights could inspire new prevention strategies.
What kinds of scientific questions did NIAID want applicants to address?
Based on the FOA summary provided, NIAID emphasized research that could illuminate early infection biology at mucosal surfaces, such as:
- Previously unknown or underappreciated mechanisms of sexual transmission
- Critical virus-host cell interactions at the portal of entry
- How HIV/SIV crosses or exploits mucosal barriers
- Which cellular players or pathways are involved during the earliest steps after exposure
- How early host responses either contain infection or fail to do so
Is this FOA focused more on incremental advances or novel discoveries?
The emphasis was strongly on generating novel insights rather than incremental work. The opportunity explicitly encouraged discovery-driven, "outside the box" approaches that were still grounded in rigorous science.
What stage of infection was the FOA primarily targeting?
The FOA targeted the early window of infection where prevention may have the greatest leverage: initial mucosal exposure, local replication, and establishment of infection.
How does this mechanistic research connect to prevention?
The FOA framed mechanistic questions as a springboard for prevention innovation. Applicants were encouraged to connect early-event mucosal biology to new vaccine concepts and to non-vaccine biomedical prevention strategies.
What grant mechanism was used for awards under this announcement?
Awards were to be made using the NIH Research Project Grant (R01) mechanism. This implies investigator-driven, hypothesis-informed projects of substantial scope organized as single-project R01s (not multi-project centers).
Was there a related funding opportunity with a different structure?
Yes. NIAID pointed applicants to a companion solicitation with similar overall scientific scope but a different grant structure: RFA-AI-10-004, which used the Program Project Grant (P01) mechanism.
Could an applicant submit the same project concept to both the R01 and the P01 solicitations?
No. Applicants were urged to choose one route (R01 or P01) and not submit the same concept to both announcements, indicating proposals should be aligned to the most appropriate mechanism rather than duplicated.
How much funding did NIAID plan to commit to this program?
NIAID planned to commit approximately $6.0 million in fiscal year 2010 to this FOA.
How many awards were expected?
NIAID expected to support roughly 8 to 12 awards, contingent on congressional appropriations and the scientific merit and competitiveness of submitted applications.
What factors affected the final number of awards?
The final number of awards depended on (1) available appropriations and (2) the quality and competitiveness of the applications received.
Who was eligible to apply?
Eligibility was described as broad and inclusive. Eligible applicants included many organization types, such as:
- Public and private institutions of higher education
- Nonprofits (501(c)(3) and non-501(c)(3))
- For-profit organizations (including small businesses and other for-profits)
- State, county, city/township, and special district governments
- Tribal governments and tribal organizations
- Public housing authorities/Indian housing authorities
- Independent school districts
- HBCUs, Hispanic-Serving Institutions, TCCUs, Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian Serving Institutions
- Faith-based organizations and community-based organizations
- Non-U.S. entities (foreign organizations), regional organizations, and U.S. territories or possessions
Were non-U.S. (foreign) organizations eligible?
Yes. Non-U.S. entities (foreign organizations), regional organizations, and U.S. territories or possessions were listed as eligible.
Was cost sharing or matching required?
No. The opportunity stated there was no cost-sharing or matching requirement.
Did the FOA encourage investigators who are new to HIV research?
Yes. The description explicitly welcomed both established HIV researchers and investigators new to the HIV field, signaling interest in bringing new perspectives and methods into the area.
When was the opportunity posted and when did it close?
It was posted and created on February 25, 2010. The original and current closing date was July 19, 2010.
When was the opportunity archived?
The archive date was August 19, 2010.
What CFDA numbers were associated with this FOA?
The opportunity was listed under CFDA 93.855 (Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation Research) and 93.856 (Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Research).
What award ceiling was shown in the listing data?
The listing included an award ceiling of $150,000 as provided in the source data.
Where were applicants directed for full requirements and submission instructions?
Applicants were directed to the full FOA text on the NIH grants website for complete requirements, review considerations, and submission instructions.
Who should be contacted for technical access issues related to the FOA posting?
The NIH Office of Extramural Research (OER) webmaster contact information was provided for technical access issues.
What makes this opportunity distinct in terms of research approach?
It was designed to catalyze high-impact, mechanistic mucosal transmission research with an explicit openness to unconventional or "outside the box" approaches, as long as they were rigorous and plausibly capable of opening new directions for prevention.
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