Offender Reentry Program | Apply Online

Opportunity Summary:

The Offender Reentry Program (ORP) is a FY 2010 grant opportunity from the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), Center for Substance Abuse Treatment (CSAT), focused on improving the way substance abuse treatment and recovery supports are delivered to people leaving incarceration. The core goal is to expand and/or enhance community-based substance abuse treatment and related recovery and reentry services for sentenced juvenile or adult offenders who are returning to the community after confinement for criminal or juvenile offenses. The program is built around the idea that reentry planning cannot wait until the day someone is released, so applicants are expected to create a coordinated transition process that starts inside the correctional or juvenile facility before release and continues into community care afterward. While the emphasis is on community services, the grant allows limited use of funds for certain pre-release activities in institutional settings when those activities directly support continuity of care and a smoother handoff to community treatment.

SAMHSA frames ORP as a response to a major treatment access gap, both nationally and within justice-involved populations. Citing the 2007 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, the announcement notes that tens of millions of people needed treatment for alcohol or illicit drug problems, yet only a small fraction received specialty treatment. That same shortfall shows up among people supervised by the criminal justice system, where only about 10 percent of those needing treatment receive it during justice system supervision. For youth, the situation is similarly concerning: only about 1 in 5 juveniles in correctional settings receive any substance abuse treatment, and a large share of what is offered is limited to educational programming rather than comprehensive treatment. SAMHSA also highlights research showing that offenders, including youth in the juvenile justice system, experience much higher rates of substance use disorders and broader psychosocial challenges than the general population. ORP is positioned as a practical public health and public safety investment: improve treatment access and continuity, reduce the health and social costs linked to substance use, and lower substance-related crime and violence.

A central theme in the opportunity is continuity of care during the high-risk reentry period. SAMHSA points to evidence that the time immediately following release is when relapse, destabilization, and reoffending are most likely, and notes that youth reoffend at particularly high rates in the first year after release. The announcement emphasizes that treatment has been studied extensively in both institutional and community contexts and that the findings are consistent: treatment works, including measurable reductions in crime and recidivism. ORP therefore expects applicants to build systems that do not treat incarceration and community life as separate service worlds, but as one continuous care pathway that supports recovery, reintegration, and safer communities. Projects are also expected to build on lessons from prior SAMHSA criminal and juvenile justice initiatives, including earlier ORP and youth-oriented reentry programs.

Applicants are expected to form stakeholder partnerships, meaning the project should be designed and delivered through active collaboration among key entities involved in custody, release planning, treatment delivery, and community supports. While the announcement does not list every required partner in the excerpt provided, the intent is clear: successful applications will show how corrections or juvenile facilities, treatment providers, and community reentry supports will coordinate roles, share information appropriately, and ensure people are engaged in treatment before release and retained in services afterward. SAMHSA also notes a federal coordination expectation: because the U.S. Department of Justice Bureau of Justice Assistance (BJA) funds reentry efforts under the Second Chance Act, ORP grantees are expected to seek out and coordinate with local federally funded reentry initiatives, including Second Chance Act programs, where appropriate. This is meant to reduce duplication, align planning, and create a stronger local reentry network.

From a grant structure standpoint, ORP is a discretionary health grant (CFDA 93.243) authorized under Section 509 of the Public Health Service Act, aligned with Healthy People 2010 focus area 26 (Substance Abuse). SAMHSA describes ORP as part of its broader “services grant” approach, which is intended to close service gaps and increase the capacity of eligible entities to respond quickly to serious or emerging substance abuse problems in specific populations or areas. A key operational expectation is speed to service: SAMHSA intends that services begin as soon as possible after award, and no later than the fourth month of the project, reinforcing the program’s emphasis on direct service delivery rather than extended planning alone.

Funding for this round was estimated at $13,000,000 total, with an anticipated 17 awards and a stated award ceiling of $400,000. No cost sharing or matching was required. The opportunity was posted November 2, 2009, with an original closing date of January 19, 2010 and a revised closing date of February 2, 2010, and it was later archived in March 2010. These details matter for understanding the scale and competitive context: the funding level suggests moderately sized, service-focused projects intended to be implemented rapidly and integrated into local correctional-to-community systems.

Eligibility is limited to domestic public and private nonprofit entities. Examples given include state and local governments, federally recognized American Indian/Alaska Native Tribes and tribal organizations, urban Indian organizations, public or private universities and colleges, and community and faith-based organizations. Consortia of tribal organizations may apply as long as each participating entity documents its approval. The statute prohibits awards to for-profit agencies. There are also notable exclusions and screening requirements tied to the target population. Federal Bureau of Prisons institutions and related federal correctional/community corrections institutions and programs are not eligible to apply, and applications proposing to serve people currently in the Federal Bureau of Prisons (or its related institutions/programs) will not be reviewed. In addition, applicants must choose one specific population focus, either juveniles or adults, and the offenders served must be within four months of scheduled release to the community; proposals that do not meet this condition will also not be reviewed. These requirements reinforce that ORP is designed specifically for near-term transition planning and immediate linkage to community treatment, not for broader in-custody programming detached from an imminent release window.

Overall, the ORP opportunity is aimed at building practical, collaborative reentry treatment systems that start before release and continue in the community, with the explicit intention of increasing treatment access for justice-involved youth or adults and improving outcomes that matter to both public health and public safety. It is designed for nonprofits and public entities that can coordinate with corrections and community partners, move quickly into service delivery, and align with other federally supported reentry efforts in their area.

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