Opportunity Information: Apply for PAR 14 317
Apply for PAR 14 317
- The National Institutes of Health in the health sector is offering a public funding opportunity titled "Role of the Microbiome in HIV 1 Vaccine Responses (R01)" and is now available to receive applicants.
- Interested and eligible applicants and submit their applications by referencing the CFDA number(s): 93.855 Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research 93.856 Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Research.
- This funding opportunity was created on Aug 11, 2014 and posted on Aug 11, 2014.
- Applicants must submit their applications by Jan 7, 2017. (Agency may still review applications by suitable applicants for the remaining/unused allocated funding in 2026.)
- Eligible applicants include: Small businesses Nonprofits that do not have a 501(c)(3) status with the IRS, other than institutions of higher education Public housing authorities/Indian housing authorities Native American tribal governments (Federally recognized) Native American tribal organizations (other than Federally recognized tribal governments) City or township governments Private institutions of higher education Independent school districts Special district governments Public and State controlled institutions of higher education State governments County governments Nonprofits having a 501(c)(3) status with the IRS, other than institutions of higher education Others (see text field entitled Additional Information on Eligibility for clarification) For profit organizations other than small businesses.
- Other Eligible Applicants include the following Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian Serving Institutions Asian American Native American Pacific Islander Serving Institutions (AANAPISISs) Eligible Agencies of the Federal Government Faith based or Community based Organizations Hispanic serving Institutions Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) Indian/Native American Tribal Governments (Other than Federally Recognized) Non domestic (non U.S.) Entities (Foreign Organizations) Regional Organizations Tribally Controlled Colleges and Universities (TCCUs) U.S. Territory or Possession Non domestic (non U.S.) Entities (Foreign Institutions) are eligible to apply. Non domestic (non U.S.) components of U.S. Organizations are eligible to apply. Foreign components, as defined in the NIH Grants Policy Statement, are allowed.
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Opportunity Summary:
The NIH grant opportunity PAR-14-317, titled "Role of the Microbiome in HIV-1 Vaccine Responses (R01)," was a discretionary research grant announcement designed to push the field toward a clearer, mechanistic understanding of how the human microbiome influences immunity related to HIV-1. The central idea behind the FOA is that microbial communities living in and on the body, especially in the gastrointestinal tract and the genital mucosa, can shape how the immune system responds both to HIV-1 exposure (transmission-relevant biology) and to HIV-1 vaccination (vaccine-induced protection). The announcement emphasizes that microbiome effects can be beneficial or harmful, and that teasing apart these interactions could directly inform better vaccine designs and strategies, including approaches that improve both mucosal immunity at the sites where HIV commonly enters the body and systemic immune responses measured in blood.
Scientifically, the opportunity is focused on the mucosal immune environment because the gut and genital tracts are major arenas for HIV transmission and early immunological events after exposure. In these tissues, the microbiome can influence baseline inflammation, epithelial barrier integrity, innate immune activation, and the quality and durability of adaptive responses such as antibody production and T cell function. The FOA’s research goal is not simply to catalog which microbes are present, but to determine how microbiome features and microbiome-host interactions actually shape vaccine responsiveness and susceptibility biology. By clarifying these causal pathways, the program anticipates that investigators could identify actionable levers to improve vaccine performance, such as modulating microbial communities, targeting microbe-driven inflammatory pathways, or developing vaccine regimens that account for mucosal microbial context.
From a funding and administrative standpoint, this was an R01 mechanism, meaning it supported substantial, hypothesis-driven research projects rather than small pilot studies. The activity category is Health, and the relevant CFDA numbers listed are 93.855 (Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research) and 93.856 (Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Research), reflecting the cross-cutting nature of the science between immunology, infectious diseases, and microbiology. Cost sharing or matching was not required, which is typical for NIH research project grants.
Eligibility was broad and included a wide range of organizational types. Eligible applicants included small businesses, for-profit organizations (other than small businesses), nonprofit organizations (including those with and without 501(c)(3) status), public and private institutions of higher education, and many categories of government entities (state, county, city/township, special district, and independent school districts), as well as public housing authorities and tribal governments or organizations. The FOA also explicitly allowed applications from non-U.S. entities and foreign institutions, and allowed non-U.S. components of U.S. organizations to participate, with foreign components permitted as defined in the NIH Grants Policy Statement. The eligibility language also highlighted several institution types often emphasized in federal research funding, including HBCUs, Hispanic-serving institutions, tribally controlled colleges and universities, Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian-serving institutions, AANAPISI institutions, faith-based or community-based organizations, U.S. territories or possessions, and eligible federal agencies.
In terms of timing, the opportunity was posted and created on August 11, 2014. The original and current closing dates were both January 7, 2017, and the archive date was February 7, 2017, meaning the FOA is no longer open for new submissions under that announcement. The sponsoring agency was the National Institutes of Health, and the full announcement was hosted on the NIH grants guide page associated with PAR-14-317. For access or technical issues with the electronic posting, the contact listed was the NIH Office of Extramural Research (OER) webmaster via FBOWebmaster@OD.NIH.GOV.
Overall, PAR-14-317 reflects a strategic NIH interest in integrating microbiome science into HIV vaccine research, particularly in the mucosal compartments most relevant to acquisition and early infection biology. The intended payoff is practical: using microbiome-informed insights to develop innovative interventions or vaccine strategies that reliably strengthen protective immune responses, potentially improving vaccine efficacy by addressing a source of variability that can differ across individuals, populations, and mucosal sites.
FAQs: NIH PAR-14-317 - Role of the Microbiome in HIV-1 Vaccine Responses (R01)
What is PAR-14-317?
PAR-14-317 is an NIH funding opportunity announcement (FOA) titled "Role of the Microbiome in HIV-1 Vaccine Responses (R01)." It was a discretionary research grant announcement intended to advance mechanistic understanding of how the human microbiome influences immunity relevant to HIV-1 exposure and HIV-1 vaccination.
What is the main scientific goal of this FOA?
The core goal is to move beyond describing which microbes are present and instead determine how microbiome features and microbiome-host interactions shape vaccine responsiveness and biology relevant to HIV-1 susceptibility and transmission. The emphasis is on clarifying causal or mechanistic pathways that could inform better vaccine designs and strategies.
Why does the FOA focus on the microbiome in the context of HIV-1 vaccines?
The FOA is built on the idea that microbial communities living in and on the body can influence immune function. Because HIV transmission and early immune events often involve mucosal tissues, understanding how the microbiome affects immune responses could help explain variability in vaccine responses and identify ways to improve vaccine-induced protection.
Which body sites or compartments are emphasized?
The opportunity emphasizes mucosal compartments, especially the gastrointestinal tract and the genital mucosa. These sites are highlighted because they are major arenas for HIV transmission and early immunological events after exposure.
What aspects of immunity does the FOA connect to microbiome effects?
The FOA describes microbiome influence on the mucosal immune environment, including baseline inflammation, epithelial barrier integrity, innate immune activation, and adaptive immune responses such as antibody production and T cell function. It also notes interest in both mucosal immunity (at common sites of entry) and systemic immune responses measured in blood.
Are microbiome effects expected to be beneficial or harmful?
Both. The FOA explicitly notes that microbiome effects can be beneficial or harmful, and that understanding these directions and mechanisms could directly inform improved vaccine strategies.
Does this FOA support descriptive microbiome surveys?
The FOA stresses that the research goal is not simply to catalog which microbes are present. It is focused on determining how microbiome characteristics and microbiome-host interactions actually shape vaccine responsiveness and susceptibility-related biology.
What kinds of outcomes or "payoffs" does NIH anticipate from this research area?
The anticipated payoff is practical and vaccine-relevant: microbiome-informed insights could enable innovative interventions or vaccine strategies that strengthen protective immune responses. Examples mentioned include modulating microbial communities, targeting microbe-driven inflammatory pathways, or developing vaccine regimens that account for mucosal microbial context.
What grant mechanism does PAR-14-317 use?
It uses the NIH R01 mechanism, which supports substantial, hypothesis-driven research projects (rather than small pilot studies).
What is the activity category for this opportunity?
The activity category listed is Health.
Which CFDA numbers are associated with this FOA?
The CFDA numbers listed are 93.855 (Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research) and 93.856 (Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Research), reflecting the intersection of immunology, infectious diseases, and microbiology.
Was cost sharing or matching required?
No. Cost sharing or matching was not required, consistent with typical NIH research project grant policies.
Who was eligible to apply?
Eligibility was broad and included many organization types, including small businesses; for-profit organizations (other than small businesses); nonprofit organizations (with or without 501(c)(3) status); public and private institutions of higher education; and various government entities (state, county, city/township, special district, and independent school districts). It also included public housing authorities, tribal governments or organizations, U.S. territories or possessions, and eligible federal agencies.
Are minority-serving institutions and community-based organizations included in the eligibility language?
Yes. The eligibility language explicitly highlighted institution types commonly emphasized in federal research funding, including HBCUs, Hispanic-serving institutions, tribally controlled colleges and universities, Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian-serving institutions, AANAPISI institutions, and faith-based or community-based organizations.
Were foreign (non-U.S.) applicants allowed to apply?
Yes. The FOA explicitly allowed applications from non-U.S. entities and foreign institutions.
Could a U.S. organization include a non-U.S. component?
Yes. The FOA allowed non-U.S. components of U.S. organizations to participate, and foreign components were permitted as defined in the NIH Grants Policy Statement.
When was the opportunity posted and created?
The opportunity was posted and created on August 11, 2014.
What was the closing date for applications?
The original and current closing dates were both January 7, 2017.
Is PAR-14-317 still open for submissions?
No. The archive date was February 7, 2017, indicating the FOA is no longer open for new submissions under that announcement.
Which agency sponsored this funding opportunity?
The sponsoring agency was the National Institutes of Health (NIH).
Where was the full announcement hosted?
The full announcement was hosted on the NIH grants guide page associated with PAR-14-317.
Who is the contact for access or technical issues with the electronic posting?
The contact listed for access or technical issues was the NIH Office of Extramural Research (OER) webmaster at FBOWebmaster@OD.NIH.GOV.
What is the overall theme or strategic interest behind PAR-14-317?
The FOA reflects an NIH interest in integrating microbiome science into HIV vaccine research, especially within mucosal compartments most relevant to acquisition and early infection biology. The intent is to identify microbiome-informed approaches that could reduce variability in vaccine responses and improve vaccine effectiveness by addressing differences across individuals, populations, and mucosal sites.
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