Opportunity Information: Apply for PA 14 134
Apply for PA 14 134
- The National Institutes of Health in the health sector is offering a public funding opportunity titled "Advancing Structural Level Interventions Through Enhanced Understanding of Social Determinants in HIV Prevention and Care (R21)" and is now available to receive applicants.
- Interested and eligible applicants and submit their applications by referencing the CFDA number(s): 93.242 Mental Health Research Grants 93.855 Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research 93.856 Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Research.
- This funding opportunity was created on Feb 28, 2014 and posted on Feb 28, 2014.
- Applicants must submit their applications by Jan 7, 2017. (Agency may still review applications by suitable applicants for the remaining/unused allocated funding in 2026.)
- Each selected applicant is eligible to receive up to $200,000.00 in funding.
- Eligible applicants include: State governments For profit organizations other than small businesses Native American tribal governments (Federally recognized) Native American tribal organizations (other than Federally recognized tribal governments) Public housing authorities/Indian housing authorities Special district governments Public and State controlled institutions of higher education Small businesses City or township governments Nonprofits having a 501(c)(3) status with the IRS, other than institutions of higher education Others (see text field entitled Additional Information on Eligibility for clarification) Nonprofits that do not have a 501(c)(3) status with the IRS, other than institutions of higher education Private institutions of higher education County governments Independent school districts.
- Other Eligible Applicants include the following Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian Serving Institutions Asian American Native American Pacific Islander Serving Institutions (AANAPISISs) Eligible Agencies of the Federal Government Faith based or Community based Organizations Hispanic serving Institutions Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) Indian/Native American Tribal Governments (Other than Federally Recognized) Non domestic (non U.S.) Entities (Foreign Organizations) Regional Organizations Tribally Controlled Colleges and Universities (TCCUs) U.S. Territory or Possession Non domestic (non U.S.) Entities (Foreign Institutions) are eligible to apply. Non domestic (non U.S.) components of U.S. Organizations are eligible to apply. Foreign components, as defined in the NIH Grants Policy Statement, are allowed.
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Opportunity Summary:
Advancing Structural Level Interventions Through Enhanced Understanding of Social Determinants in HIV Prevention and Care (R21) (Funding Opportunity Number PA-14-134) was a National Institutes of Health (NIH) discretionary grant opportunity designed to support early-stage, exploratory research focused on how social determinants shape HIV prevention and treatment outcomes, and how structural-level interventions can improve those outcomes. The core idea behind the announcement is that HIV risk, access to prevention, engagement in care, and long-term health outcomes are not only driven by individual behavior or clinical factors, but also by broader social and structural conditions such as housing instability, poverty, stigma and discrimination, incarceration, educational opportunity, neighborhood and community context, healthcare access, immigration-related barriers, and policy environments. The FOA emphasizes that these conditions can create or worsen inequities across populations and places, and that meaningful progress in HIV prevention and care often requires addressing those upstream drivers rather than relying solely on individual-level interventions.
The announcement describes two research aims that are distinct but meant to overlap. First, applicants were encouraged to characterize and deepen understanding of which social determinants are most relevant to HIV prevention and treatment outcomes, especially where those determinants contribute to disparities or unequal disease burdens. That includes work that more precisely defines key social determinants in different settings, clarifies mechanisms linking those determinants to HIV outcomes, and identifies which determinants are most strongly associated with poor outcomes such as higher incidence, delayed diagnosis, reduced PrEP uptake, poor linkage to care, lack of viral suppression, or higher morbidity and mortality. Second, the FOA encourages the development and testing of structural interventions intended to reduce harmful effects or strengthen protective aspects of social determinants. Structural interventions generally operate at levels beyond the individual, for example by changing policies, institutional practices, service delivery systems, resource allocation, or environmental conditions. In the HIV context, that can include interventions that improve housing access, reduce structural stigma in healthcare settings, remove administrative barriers to care, integrate HIV services with other social services, improve service access for justice-involved populations, or shift community-level conditions that affect prevention and treatment engagement.
This opportunity used the NIH R21 mechanism, which is typically intended for exploratory and developmental projects that may involve innovative approaches, early testing of interventions, or the generation of preliminary data needed to support larger studies. The award ceiling listed for the FOA was $200,000. No cost sharing or matching was required. The activity category was Health, and the opportunity was associated with multiple CFDA numbers reflecting relevant NIH program areas, including 93.242 (Mental Health Research Grants), 93.855 (Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research), and 93.856 (Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Research). The FOA was posted on February 28, 2014, with an original and current closing date of January 7, 2017, and it was archived on February 7, 2017.
Eligibility was broad and included many types of domestic and international organizations. Eligible applicants included state, county, city/township, and special district governments; public housing authorities; independent school districts; public and private institutions of higher education; nonprofit organizations with or without 501(c)(3) status; small businesses and other for-profit organizations (other than small businesses were explicitly included as eligible); Native American tribal governments and tribal organizations; and additional categories such as Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs), Tribal Colleges and Universities (TCCUs), Hispanic-serving institutions, Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian-serving institutions, and Asian American Native American Pacific Islander-serving institutions. Faith-based and community-based organizations could apply, and the FOA also allowed non-U.S. entities (foreign organizations and foreign institutions), as well as foreign components of U.S. organizations, consistent with NIH policy.
In practical terms, a competitive application under this FOA would have been expected to clearly connect specific social determinants to concrete HIV prevention or treatment endpoints, justify why the chosen determinants matter for inequities, and propose an approach that is credible for an R21 scope and budget. For intervention-focused proposals, the FOA’s framing points toward structural strategies that can be implemented and evaluated in real-world systems or communities, with attention to how changes at the policy, institutional, or environmental level can translate into measurable improvements in HIV-related outcomes. The full archived announcement and details were available through NIH at http://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/pa-files/PA-14-134.html, with technical access issues directed to the NIH Office of Extramural Research webmaster.
FAQs: Advancing Structural Level Interventions Through Enhanced Understanding of Social Determinants in HIV Prevention and Care (R21) (PA-14-134)
What is PA-14-134?
PA-14-134 is a National Institutes of Health (NIH) discretionary funding opportunity titled "Advancing Structural Level Interventions Through Enhanced Understanding of Social Determinants in HIV Prevention and Care (R21)." It supported early-stage, exploratory research on how social determinants influence HIV prevention and treatment outcomes, and how structural-level interventions can improve those outcomes.
What is the main focus of this funding opportunity?
The opportunity emphasized that HIV risk, access to prevention, engagement in care, and long-term outcomes are shaped not only by individual behavior or clinical factors, but also by broader social and structural conditions. It encouraged research that strengthens understanding of those conditions and/or tests structural interventions intended to reduce inequities in HIV outcomes.
What are "social determinants" in the context of this FOA?
In this announcement, social determinants include upstream conditions such as housing instability, poverty, stigma and discrimination, incarceration, educational opportunity, neighborhood and community context, healthcare access, immigration-related barriers, and policy environments. These determinants may contribute to unequal HIV burdens across different populations and places.
What are "structural-level interventions" as described in PA-14-134?
Structural interventions are strategies that operate beyond the individual level by changing policies, institutional practices, service delivery systems, resource allocation, or environmental conditions. In HIV prevention and care, examples described in the FOA include improving housing access, reducing structural stigma in healthcare settings, removing administrative barriers to care, integrating HIV services with social services, improving service access for justice-involved populations, or shifting community-level conditions that affect prevention and treatment engagement.
What types of research aims did the FOA support?
The FOA described two distinct but overlapping research aims: (1) research to characterize and deepen understanding of which social determinants are most relevant to HIV prevention and treatment outcomes, especially where they contribute to disparities; and (2) research to develop and test structural interventions to reduce harmful effects or strengthen protective aspects of social determinants.
What kinds of HIV outcomes were relevant to this opportunity?
The FOA highlighted outcomes such as HIV incidence, delayed diagnosis, reduced PrEP uptake, poor linkage to care, lack of viral suppression, and higher morbidity and mortality, particularly where these outcomes reflect disparities or unequal burdens across populations or settings.
Is this opportunity more about research or program/service delivery?
Based on the FOA description, it was a research-focused opportunity. It supported exploratory and developmental research, including generating evidence about social determinants and early development/testing of structural interventions that can be evaluated with measurable HIV-related endpoints.
What funding mechanism was used?
This opportunity used the NIH R21 mechanism, which is typically intended for early-stage, exploratory, and developmental projects. The framing suggests projects could involve innovative approaches, early testing of interventions, or generation of preliminary data to support larger studies.
What was the award ceiling for PA-14-134?
The award ceiling listed for the FOA was $200,000.
Was cost sharing or matching required?
No. The FOA stated that no cost sharing or matching was required.
What was the activity category for this opportunity?
The activity category listed was Health.
Which CFDA numbers were associated with this FOA?
The opportunity referenced multiple CFDA numbers reflecting relevant NIH program areas, including 93.242 (Mental Health Research Grants), 93.855 (Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research), and 93.856 (Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Research).
Who was eligible to apply?
Eligibility was broad and included many types of domestic and international organizations. Eligible applicants included state, county, city/township, and special district governments; public housing authorities; independent school districts; public and private institutions of higher education; nonprofit organizations with or without 501(c)(3) status; small businesses; other for-profit organizations (explicitly including those other than small businesses); Native American tribal governments and tribal organizations; and additional institution types such as HBCUs, TCCUs, Hispanic-serving institutions, Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian-serving institutions, and Asian American Native American Pacific Islander-serving institutions.
Could faith-based or community-based organizations apply?
Yes. The FOA stated that faith-based and community-based organizations could apply.
Were non-U.S. entities eligible to apply?
Yes. The FOA allowed non-U.S. entities (foreign organizations and foreign institutions), as well as foreign components of U.S. organizations, consistent with NIH policy.
When was the FOA posted and when did it close?
The FOA was posted on February 28, 2014. The original and current closing date was January 7, 2017. It was archived on February 7, 2017.
Is PA-14-134 still open for applications?
No. The announcement was archived on February 7, 2017, and the closing date listed was January 7, 2017.
What would a competitive application have needed to show?
Based on the description provided, a strong application would have clearly linked specific social determinants to concrete HIV prevention or treatment endpoints, explained why those determinants matter for inequities, and proposed an approach that fit the exploratory R21 scope and budget. For intervention-focused projects, the approach would be expected to reflect structural strategies that can be implemented and evaluated in real-world systems or communities, with measurable HIV-related outcomes.
Where could applicants find the full archived funding announcement?
The archived announcement was available through NIH at http://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/pa-files/PA-14-134.html.
Where were technical access issues directed?
Technical access issues were directed to the NIH Office of Extramural Research webmaster.
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