Opportunity Information: Apply for BAA 09 11 PKM CALL2

  • The Air Force Research Lab in the science and technology and other research and development sector is offering a public funding opportunity titled "Directed Energy Materials Program CALL 2 Optical Isolation" and is now available to receive applicants.
  • Interested and eligible applicants and submit their applications by referencing the CFDA number(s): 12.800 Air Force Defense Research Sciences Program.
  • This funding opportunity was created on Feb 3, 2009 and posted on Feb 3, 2009.
  • Applicants must submit their applications by Mar 13, 2009. (Agency may still review applications by suitable applicants for the remaining/unused allocated funding in 2026.)
  • Eligible applicants include: Unrestricted (i.e., open to any type of entity above), subject to any clarification in text field entitled Additional Information on Eligibility.
  • Foreign participation is not allowed. Small businesses are encouraged to propose on all or any part of this solicitation.
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Opportunity Summary:

The Directed Energy Materials Program, Call 2 (Optical Isolation), is a Broad Agency Announcement (BAA) issued by the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL), Materials and Manufacturing Technology Directorate, Survivability and Sensor Materials Division (AFRL/RXPS) at Wright-Patterson AFB. The Air Force is using this BAA as an open-ended vehicle to gather technical and cost proposals that push materials technology forward for directed energy systems. While the overall BAA spans several directed-energy material needs, this specific call focuses on a key bottleneck in high energy laser architectures: developing material systems that enable high power optical isolation for fiber lasers operating at very high power densities.

At the program level, the broader Directed Energy Materials effort targets advances that support high energy laser (HEL) systems, high power microwave (HPM) systems, and mid-infrared laser source and laser development. For HEL applications, the Air Force is interested in kilowatt-class materials progress, including entirely new fiber laser materials, improvements to existing fiber laser materials, and especially materials that can survive and perform in high power optical isolators used in fiber laser chains. For HPM applications, the larger BAA also highlights the need for improved microwave window materials, including interest in optical diamond with better strength and toughness coupled with lower-cost production, as well as reduced absorption and reflection losses for extremely high-power microwave transmission (notably on the order of hundreds of megawatts). Even though those topics sit in the broader BAA scope, Call 2 narrows the focus to optical isolation materials for fiber lasers.

Call 2 describes optical isolation as crucial because fiber lasers at high power can be vulnerable to back-reflections and other feedback mechanisms that destabilize operation or damage components. The government is seeking materials that can function in isolator configurations under very high optical power density without introducing excessive loss or nonlinear effects. The call lists several core technical requirements that proposals are expected to address. First, the material should have a high magneto-optic coefficient (high Verdet constant), since Faraday-rotation-based isolators depend on strong magneto-optic response to rotate polarization efficiently. Second, the material must be manufacturable in fiber form or another practical isolator geometry, meaning the solution cannot be purely theoretical; it needs a credible pathway to a buildable, integrable isolator component. Third, the material must exhibit low linear absorption to minimize heating and loss at high powers, which directly affects damage threshold and long-term reliability. Fourth, the material should have low or intentionally engineered optical nonlinearity (chi(3)) to reduce or counteract nonlinear phenomena that become problematic at high intensities, such as self-phase modulation or other intensity-dependent refractive effects that can degrade isolator performance.

From an acquisition standpoint, this opportunity is structured as a BAA with multiple calls issued over time, and the government anticipates making multiple awards with varying dollar values depending on the call specifics and the quality and relevance of proposals received. The instrument types listed for the overall opportunity include cooperative agreements, grants, and procurement contracts, reflecting flexibility in how AFRL may structure awards. Periods of performance are anticipated to be around 36 months, plus an additional period (about three months) for final reporting. Each call under the BAA is expected to specify its own period of performance and anticipated funding range, and submissions are time-sensitive: once a call is posted, offerors generally have about 30 to 45 calendar days to submit (the exact window is defined in the call). Proposals submitted outside the active window for a posted call are not reviewed and are returned, and late proposal handling is governed by FAR 52.215-1(c)(3).

Eligibility is described as unrestricted in the sense that any type of domestic entity may apply, but foreign participation is not allowed. Small businesses are explicitly encouraged to submit proposals for all or part of the solicitation. The program is associated with CFDA 12.800 (Air Force Defense Research Sciences Program), and it falls under science and technology and other R&D activities. Administrative points of contact are provided for technical and contracting questions. The technical point of contact listed is William Mitchell at Wright-Patterson AFB, and contracting contacts include Scott Savory (Contracting Officer) and Gail Nyikon (Contract Negotiator), who can assist if there are issues accessing the full announcement or navigating submission and contracting details.

In practical terms, a strong response to Call 2 would be expected to explain, in detail, a material approach for next-generation high power fiber laser isolators that can survive high intensity operation while delivering strong Faraday rotation (high Verdet constant), maintaining very low absorption, managing thermal load, and suppressing or tailoring nonlinear optical behavior. It would also need to lay out a credible fabrication and integration plan for producing the material in a fiber form factor or another isolator-compatible configuration, along with a cost proposal that matches the call requirements and a development plan that can be executed within the roughly three-year performance window.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What is the Directed Energy Materials Program, Call 2 (Optical Isolation)?

It is a specific call under a Broad Agency Announcement (BAA) from the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL), Materials and Manufacturing Technology Directorate, Survivability and Sensor Materials Division (AFRL/RXPS) at Wright-Patterson AFB. This call focuses on developing material systems that enable high power optical isolation for fiber lasers operating at very high power densities.

Who is issuing this opportunity?

The opportunity is issued by AFRL/RXPS (AFRL, Materials and Manufacturing Technology Directorate, Survivability and Sensor Materials Division) located at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base.

What is the main technical focus of Call 2?

Call 2 targets a key bottleneck in high energy laser (HEL) architectures: creating materials that can enable high power optical isolators for fiber laser chains that must operate under very high optical power density while maintaining performance and survivability.

What problem is the Air Force trying to solve with optical isolation materials?

At high power, fiber lasers can be vulnerable to back-reflections and other feedback mechanisms. These effects can destabilize laser operation or damage components. Optical isolators help protect the system, and Call 2 seeks materials that can function reliably in isolator configurations at very high intensities without excessive loss or problematic nonlinear effects.

Is this opportunity limited to optical isolation, or does the larger program include other topics?

This call is specifically about optical isolation materials for fiber lasers. The broader Directed Energy Materials BAA spans additional directed-energy material needs supporting high energy lasers (HEL), high power microwaves (HPM), and mid-infrared laser source and laser development, but Call 2 narrows the scope to optical isolation.

What kinds of directed-energy systems does the broader program support?

The broader program targets advances that support HEL systems, HPM systems, and mid-infrared laser source and laser development.

What are the key material requirements highlighted for Call 2?

The call lists several core requirements proposals are expected to address: (1) high magneto-optic coefficient (high Verdet constant), (2) manufacturability in fiber form or another practical isolator geometry with a credible path to a buildable component, (3) low linear absorption to minimize heating and loss at high powers, and (4) low or intentionally engineered optical nonlinearity (chi(3)) to reduce or counteract nonlinear phenomena at high intensities.

Why is a high Verdet constant important for this call?

Many optical isolators rely on Faraday rotation, which depends on magneto-optic response. A high Verdet constant enables efficient polarization rotation, which is central to Faraday-rotation-based isolator performance.

Does the government expect a purely theoretical materials concept?

No. The call emphasizes manufacturability in fiber form or another practical isolator geometry, meaning proposals should include a credible pathway to producing a buildable and integrable isolator component rather than remaining purely theoretical.

Why does low linear absorption matter for optical isolator materials?

Low linear absorption helps minimize heating and optical loss at high power. This affects thermal management, damage threshold, and long-term reliability of isolators operating at very high power densities.

What does the call mean by managing or engineering optical nonlinearity (chi(3))?

At high intensities, nonlinear optical effects (such as self-phase modulation and other intensity-dependent refractive effects) can degrade isolator performance. The call seeks materials with low nonlinearity or materials where chi(3) is intentionally engineered to reduce or counteract problematic nonlinear behavior.

What award mechanisms can AFRL use for this opportunity?

The overall opportunity lists cooperative agreements, grants, and procurement contracts as possible instrument types, giving AFRL flexibility in how awards are structured.

Will there be more than one award?

Yes. The government anticipates making multiple awards, and dollar values may vary depending on call specifics and the quality and relevance of proposals received.

How long is the expected period of performance?

Periods of performance are anticipated to be around 36 months, plus an additional period of about three months for final reporting. Each call under the BAA may specify its own period of performance.

How much time is available to submit a proposal after a call is posted?

Once a call is posted, offerors generally have about 30 to 45 calendar days to submit. The exact submission window is defined in the call.

What happens if a proposal is submitted outside the active window?

Proposals submitted outside the active window for a posted call are not reviewed and are returned. Late proposal handling is governed by FAR 52.215-1(c)(3).

Who is eligible to apply?

Eligibility is described as unrestricted for domestic entities, meaning any type of domestic entity may apply. Foreign participation is not allowed.

Are small businesses encouraged to apply?

Yes. Small businesses are explicitly encouraged to submit proposals for all or part of the solicitation.

What is the CFDA number associated with this program?

The program is associated with CFDA 12.800, the Air Force Defense Research Sciences Program.

What general activity area does this opportunity fall under?

It falls under science and technology and other research and development (R&D) activities.

Who are the points of contact for technical questions?

The technical point of contact listed is William Mitchell at Wright-Patterson AFB.

Who are the contracting points of contact?

The contracting contacts listed are Scott Savory (Contracting Officer) and Gail Nyikon (Contract Negotiator). They can also assist if there are issues accessing the full announcement or navigating submission and contracting details.

What would a strong proposal to Call 2 be expected to include?

A strong response would be expected to describe a detailed material approach for next-generation high power fiber laser isolators that can survive high intensity operation while delivering strong Faraday rotation (high Verdet constant), maintaining very low absorption, managing thermal load, and suppressing or tailoring nonlinear optical behavior. It should also include a credible fabrication and integration plan (fiber form factor or other isolator-compatible configuration) and a cost proposal aligned with call requirements, with a development plan executable within roughly a three-year performance window.

Does the broader BAA mention high power microwave (HPM) materials needs?

Yes. The broader BAA highlights improved microwave window materials, including interest in optical diamond with better strength and toughness and lower-cost production, plus reduced absorption and reflection losses for extremely high-power microwave transmission (on the order of hundreds of megawatts). However, Call 2 specifically focuses on optical isolation materials for fiber lasers.

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