Implicating Noncoding RNAs in the Genetics of Mental Disorders (Collaborative R01) | Apply Online

Opportunity Summary:

The National Institutes of Health (NIH) funding opportunity titled "Implicating Noncoding RNAs in the Genetics of Mental Disorders (Collaborative R01)" (Funding Opportunity Number PA-07-371) supports research aimed at clarifying how microRNAs and other noncoding RNAs contribute to the causes and biological mechanisms of mental disorders. The central idea behind the announcement is that many psychiatric conditions are influenced not only by changes in protein-coding genes, but also by regulatory molecules that control when, where, and how strongly genes are expressed. Noncoding RNAs, especially microRNAs, are emphasized because they can act as sequence-specific regulators of post-transcriptional gene expression, meaning they can fine-tune gene output after messenger RNA is made. NIH is seeking projects that can connect these regulatory layers to genetic risk and disease biology in a way that helps explain underlying pathophysiology and supports the broader goal of breaking complex mental disorders into more precise molecular components.

A major theme of the FOA is data generation and rapid sharing. NIH signals that the results from these studies should contribute to a clearer map of the "molecular machinery" involved in mental disorders by integrating noncoding RNA regulation into models of disease processes. The announcement highlights the expectation that datasets and related outputs will be shared widely and quickly, with the intention of accelerating downstream genetic analyses and improving the research community's ability to interpret risk variants and molecular pathways across human disease studies. In practical terms, applicants are being encouraged to design studies that not only test hypotheses about microRNAs or other noncoding RNAs, but also produce broadly useful resources, such as profiles, catalogs, functional annotations, and integrative analyses that other investigators can build upon.

This opportunity uses the NIH Collaborative Research Project Grant mechanism, commonly described as a Collaborative R01. That mechanism is meant to support multi-project or multi-team work where collaboration is integral to the science, allowing investigators to coordinate closely around a shared research objective while maintaining the scale and rigor expected of an R01-level program. The FOA also notes that it runs in parallel with two other announcements of the same scientific scope: PA-07-370, which solicits exploratory/developmental applications using the R21 mechanism, and PA-07-372, which uses the standard NIH Research Project Grant (R01) mechanism. In other words, the NIH created multiple entry points for the same scientific topic, with PA-07-371 specifically focusing on collaborative R01 projects.

Funding under this program is described as contingent, meaning awards depend on the availability of funds and on whether enough high-quality, meritorious applications are received. The announcement does not guarantee a set number of awards; instead, NIH leaves the award volume flexible, guided by both budget realities and peer review outcomes. The program falls under the health funding activity category and is associated with CFDA number 93.242 (Mental Health Research Grants). The opportunity is categorized as discretionary and uses the grant funding instrument.

Eligibility is broad and includes many types of domestic and international organizations. Eligible applicants include public and state-controlled institutions of higher education, private institutions of higher education, nonprofit organizations (including those with 501(c)(3) status and those without it, other than institutions of higher education), for-profit organizations other than small businesses, small businesses, and multiple levels of government entities such as state governments, county governments, city or township governments, special district governments, independent school districts, and public housing authorities/Indian housing authorities. The FOA also includes Native American tribal governments (federally recognized) and Native American tribal organizations (other than federally recognized tribal governments). Importantly, foreign institutions are explicitly eligible to apply, and eligible agencies of the Federal Government may also apply. The FOA notes that additional eligibility clarifications may appear in the full text of the announcement.

From an administrative timeline perspective, the opportunity was posted on May 3, 2007, with multiple receipt dates rather than a single deadline, which is typical for many NIH program announcements that accept applications on standard NIH submission cycles. The listing indicates an original closing framework with multiple receipt dates and provides a current closing date of January 7, 2010, with an archive date of February 7, 2010, meaning the FOA is no longer active but remains relevant as a record of NIH priorities and program structure at that time. Applicants were directed to the full announcement for the specific submission dates, application instructions, and any institute-specific considerations.

Overall, PA-07-371 is best understood as an NIH initiative to push psychiatric genetics beyond protein-coding variation alone by bringing microRNAs and other noncoding RNAs into the center of genetic and mechanistic models of mental disorders. It encourages collaborative, R01-scale projects capable of producing both biological insight and shareable datasets that can be reused by the broader community to speed progress in understanding the genetic architecture and molecular pathways underlying mental illness.

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