Opportunity Information: Apply for PA 14 223

  • The National Institutes of Health in the education health sector is offering a public funding opportunity titled "Long Term Retention in Care for U.S. Substance Using Populations (R21)" and is now available to receive applicants.
  • Interested and eligible applicants and submit their applications by referencing the CFDA number(s): 93.279 Drug Abuse and Addiction Research Programs.
  • This funding opportunity was created on May 15, 2014 and posted on May 14, 2014.
  • Applicants must submit their applications by May 7, 2017. (Agency may still review applications by suitable applicants for the remaining/unused allocated funding in 2026.)
  • Each selected applicant is eligible to receive up to $200,000.00 in funding.
  • Eligible applicants include: Nonprofits that do not have a 501(c)(3) status with the IRS, other than institutions of higher education Independent school districts Private institutions of higher education Special district governments Small businesses Public and State controlled institutions of higher education County governments State governments Public housing authorities/Indian housing authorities City or township governments Nonprofits having a 501(c)(3) status with the IRS, other than institutions of higher education Native American tribal organizations (other than Federally recognized tribal governments) Native American tribal governments (Federally recognized) For profit organizations other than small businesses Others (see text field entitled Additional Information on Eligibility for clarification).
  • Other Eligible Applicants include the following Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian Serving Institutions Asian American Native American Pacific Islander Serving Institutions (AANAPISISs) Eligible Agencies of the Federal Government Faith based or Community based Organizations Hispanic serving Institutions Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) Indian/Native American Tribal Governments (Other than Federally Recognized) Regional Organizations Tribally Controlled Colleges and Universities (TCCUs) U.S. Territory or Possession Non domestic (non U.S.) Entities (Foreign Institutions) are not eligible to apply. Non domestic (non U.S.) components of U.S. Organizations are not eligible to apply. Foreign components, as defined in the NIH Grants Policy Statement, are not allowed.
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Opportunity Summary:

Long Term Retention in Care for U.S. Substance Using Populations (R21) (Funding Opportunity Number PA-14-223) is a National Institutes of Health (NIH) discretionary grant opportunity focused on a persistent challenge in HIV treatment: keeping people living with HIV (PLWH) engaged in medical care over the long haul so they can achieve and maintain viral suppression. The core idea behind the announcement is straightforward but urgent. HIV has become a manageable chronic condition for many people because of effective antiretroviral therapy, but that success depends on sustained engagement in care across a person s lifetime. Substance use can make consistent care harder to maintain due to instability, co-occurring mental health needs, stigma, competing priorities, and structural barriers. This FOA is designed to stimulate research that identifies, tests, or refines strategies that improve long term retention in HIV care specifically among substance using populations in the United States, with the end goal of sustained viral suppression.

The award mechanism is the NIH R21, which typically supports exploratory or developmental research. In practice, that means the announcement is oriented toward innovative ideas, early stage testing, and projects that may generate preliminary data for larger future studies. The funding instrument type is a grant, and the activity category is listed under education and health, with the associated CFDA number 93.279 (Drug Abuse and Addiction Research Programs). The opportunity does not require cost sharing or matching, which can lower the financial barrier for applicants and partners.

Financially, the opportunity lists an award ceiling of 200,000. That ceiling reflects the maximum amount expected under the announcement for an individual award, supporting smaller, focused studies rather than large multi-site trials. The FOA was posted on May 14, 2014, created May 15, 2014, and had an original and current closing date of May 7, 2017, with an archive date of June 7, 2017. In other words, it was an active solicitation during that period and is now archived, but it still provides a useful snapshot of NIH priorities and the types of projects NIH aimed to encourage.

Eligibility is broad and intentionally inclusive, spanning many types of institutions and organizations that could credibly conduct or partner on HIV and substance use research. Eligible applicants include state, county, city or township governments; special district governments; independent school districts; public and state-controlled institutions of higher education; private institutions of higher education; public housing authorities and Indian housing authorities; tribal governments (federally recognized) and tribal organizations (other than federally recognized governments); nonprofits with or without 501(c)(3) status (other than institutions of higher education); small businesses; and for profit organizations other than small businesses. The eligibility language also calls out a range of institution types and community-focused entities that NIH often encourages to apply, including historically Black colleges and universities (HBCUs), Hispanic serving institutions, tribally controlled colleges and universities (TCCUs), Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian serving institutions, and Asian American Native American Pacific Islander serving institutions (AANAPISIs). Faith-based or community-based organizations, regional organizations, eligible federal agencies, and U.S. territories or possessions are also included in the expanded eligibility notes. At the same time, the announcement clearly restricts foreign participation: non-U.S. entities (foreign institutions) are not eligible to apply, non-U.S. components of U.S. organizations are not eligible, and foreign components as defined by the NIH Grants Policy Statement are not allowed. This lines up with the FOA s U.S.-focused public health scope.

The practical research focus of the FOA is long term retention in HIV care for people who use substances, viewed through the lens of outcomes that matter clinically and at the population level, particularly sustained viral suppression. While the text provided here is brief, the emphasis signals interest in research that goes beyond short term linkage or initial engagement and instead addresses what keeps people coming back to care consistently over years. That could include studying barriers and facilitators to retention, developing or adapting interventions that fit real world settings, and evaluating care models that integrate HIV treatment with substance use services or other supportive services. The announcement also implicitly recognizes that retention is not a single event but a process influenced by individual behavior, clinical practice, health systems, and broader social and structural conditions.

For applicants or readers trying to understand where to find the official full requirements, NIH provided an additional information link to the full announcement at http://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/pa-files/PA-14-223.html. For technical issues accessing the FOA, the contact is the NIH Office of Extramural Research (OER) Webmaster at FBOWebmaster@OD.NIH.GOV, including help with electronic access or link problems.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What is the name of this funding opportunity?

The opportunity is titled Long Term Retention in Care for U.S. Substance Using Populations (R21).

What is the Funding Opportunity Number (FON)?

The Funding Opportunity Number is PA-14-223.

Which agency is offering this grant?

This is a National Institutes of Health (NIH) discretionary grant opportunity.

What is the main purpose of this FOA?

The FOA is focused on improving long-term retention in HIV medical care among people living with HIV (PLWH) who use substances in the United States, with the end goal of sustained viral suppression.

Why does the FOA emphasize retention in care?

The FOA highlights that HIV can be managed as a chronic condition with effective antiretroviral therapy, but only when people remain engaged in care over time. Substance use can make consistent engagement harder due to factors like instability, co-occurring mental health needs, stigma, competing priorities, and structural barriers.

What types of projects is this FOA trying to stimulate?

It is designed to stimulate research that identifies, tests, or refines strategies to improve long-term retention in HIV care specifically among substance using populations in the U.S.

What does “long-term retention” mean in the context of this FOA?

Based on the description provided, the emphasis is on retention that goes beyond short-term linkage or initial engagement and instead addresses what keeps people consistently returning to care over years, supporting ongoing treatment and sustained viral suppression.

What grant mechanism does this FOA use?

The award mechanism is the NIH R21, which typically supports exploratory or developmental research.

What does an R21 mechanism generally imply for the type of research?

The description indicates the FOA is oriented toward innovative ideas, early-stage testing, and projects that may generate preliminary data for larger future studies.

What is the funding instrument type?

The funding instrument type is a grant.

What activity category is associated with this opportunity?

The activity category is listed under education and health.

What is the CFDA number associated with this FOA?

The associated CFDA number is 93.279, labeled Drug Abuse and Addiction Research Programs.

Is cost sharing or matching required?

No. The opportunity states there is no cost sharing or matching requirement.

What is the maximum award amount (award ceiling)?

The listed award ceiling is $200,000 (the maximum amount expected for an individual award under this announcement).

Does the award ceiling suggest the intended project scope?

Yes. The description notes that this ceiling supports smaller, focused studies rather than large multi-site trials.

When was this FOA posted and created?

It was posted on May 14, 2014 and created on May 15, 2014.

What were the closing date and archive date?

The original and current closing date was May 7, 2017, and the archive date was June 7, 2017.

Is this funding opportunity still open?

No. Based on the closing and archive dates provided, it is archived.

Who is eligible to apply?

Eligibility is broad and includes (as listed):

  • State, county, city, or township governments
  • Special district governments
  • Independent school districts
  • Public and state-controlled institutions of higher education
  • Private institutions of higher education
  • Public housing authorities and Indian housing authorities
  • Tribal governments (federally recognized)
  • Tribal organizations (other than federally recognized governments)
  • Nonprofits with or without 501(c)(3) status (other than institutions of higher education)
  • Small businesses
  • For-profit organizations other than small businesses

Are specific institution types explicitly encouraged or called out?

Yes. The eligibility language explicitly calls out institution types and community-focused entities often encouraged by NIH, including:

  • Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs)
  • Hispanic Serving Institutions
  • Tribally Controlled Colleges and Universities (TCCUs)
  • Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian Serving Institutions
  • Asian American Native American Pacific Islander Serving Institutions (AANAPISIs)
  • Faith-based or community-based organizations
  • Regional organizations
  • Eligible federal agencies
  • U.S. territories or possessions

Are foreign organizations eligible to apply?

No. The FOA restricts foreign participation: non-U.S. entities (foreign institutions) are not eligible to apply.

Are non-U.S. components of U.S. organizations eligible?

No. The FOA states that non-U.S. components of U.S. organizations are not eligible.

Are foreign components allowed under NIH policy?

No. The FOA specifies that foreign components (as defined by the NIH Grants Policy Statement) are not allowed.

What population is this FOA focused on?

The FOA focuses on U.S. substance using populations who are people living with HIV (PLWH), with an emphasis on long-term engagement in HIV care.

What outcomes does the FOA emphasize?

The description emphasizes outcomes that matter clinically and at the population level, especially sustained viral suppression supported by long-term retention in care.

What kinds of barriers to retention are mentioned?

The text mentions several factors that can make consistent care harder for people who use substances, including instability, co-occurring mental health needs, stigma, competing priorities, and structural barriers.

Does the FOA imply interest in integrated or real-world care models?

Yes. The description signals interest in interventions and care models that fit real-world settings, including approaches that may integrate HIV treatment with substance use services or other supportive services, and research that examines retention as a process influenced by individual, clinical, health system, and structural factors.

Where can applicants find the official full announcement?

The FOA points to the official NIH page: http://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/pa-files/PA-14-223.html.

Who should be contacted for technical issues accessing the FOA link?

For technical issues (such as electronic access or link problems), the contact listed is the NIH Office of Extramural Research (OER) Webmaster at FBOWebmaster@OD.NIH.GOV.

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