Opportunity Information: Apply for PAR 14 274
Apply for PAR 14 274
- The National Institutes of Health in the health income security and social services sector is offering a public funding opportunity titled "Pharmacogenetics, Pharmacoepigenetics and Personalized Medicine in Children (R01)" and is now available to receive applicants.
- Interested and eligible applicants and submit their applications by referencing the CFDA number(s): 93.865 Child Health and Human Development Extramural Research.
- This funding opportunity was created on Jul 2, 2014 and posted on Jul 2, 2014.
- Applicants must submit their applications by Sep 7, 2017. (Agency may still review applications by suitable applicants for the remaining/unused allocated funding in 2026.)
- Eligible applicants include: City or township governments Others (see text field entitled Additional Information on Eligibility for clarification) Nonprofits that do not have a 501(c)(3) status with the IRS, other than institutions of higher education Special district governments State governments Native American tribal governments (Federally recognized) Native American tribal organizations (other than Federally recognized tribal governments) Independent school districts Public housing authorities/Indian housing authorities County governments Private institutions of higher education Small businesses Public and State controlled institutions of higher education Nonprofits having a 501(c)(3) status with the IRS, other than institutions of higher education For profit organizations other than small businesses.
- Other Eligible Applicants include the following Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian Serving Institutions Asian American Native American Pacific Islander Serving Institutions (AANAPISISs) Eligible Agencies of the Federal Government Faith based or Community based Organizations Hispanic serving Institutions Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) Indian/Native American Tribal Governments (Other than Federally Recognized) Regional Organizations Tribally Controlled Colleges and Universities (TCCUs) U.S. Territory or Possession Foreign Institutions Non domestic (non U.S.) Entities (Foreign Institutions) are not eligible to apply. Non domestic (non U.S.) components of U.S. Organizations are not eligible to apply. Foreign components, as defined in the NIH Grants Policy Statement, are not allowed.
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Opportunity Summary:
The NIH funding opportunity PAR-14-274, titled "Pharmacogenetics, Pharmacoepigenetics and Personalized Medicine in Children (R01)," was a discretionary grant program designed to support research that makes pediatric drug therapy more individualized and more predictable. The core idea behind the announcement was that children are not simply "small adults" in how they respond to medications, and that variability in drug response in pediatrics is driven by a mix of genetics, epigenetic regulation, developmental stage, disease characteristics, environment, and clinical care factors. Through R01 research projects, NIH aimed to stimulate studies that connect genetic and epigenetic differences to clinically meaningful outcomes in children, paired with stronger, more precise phenotyping of drug response and adverse events, so that clinicians can better tailor therapy to the individual child rather than relying on broad dosing averages.
Scientifically, the FOA encouraged investigations in pharmacogenetics (how DNA sequence variation influences drug metabolism, transport, targets, and response) and pharmacoepigenetics (how epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, and regulatory non-coding RNAs influence the same processes). A key emphasis was improving pediatric phenotyping in pharmacotherapy, meaning applicants were expected to measure drug response in ways that are rigorous, clinically relevant, and appropriate for children. This could include careful definition of outcomes like efficacy, toxicity, dose requirements, drug levels, biomarker response, or intermediate pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic measures, along with attention to developmental changes across infancy, childhood, and adolescence. In practical terms, the FOA was oriented toward generating evidence that can move pediatric care toward personalized medicine: identifying which children are most likely to benefit from a drug, which are at higher risk of adverse effects, and what dosing or drug choice might be optimal based on biological and clinical predictors.
From an administrative and eligibility standpoint, this was an NIH R01 mechanism, meaning it supported investigator-initiated research projects with the typical R01 structure, budgets, and multi-year scopes that allow for substantial hypothesis-driven work. There was no cost sharing or matching requirement. Eligible applicants were broad across the U.S. research ecosystem and included public and private institutions of higher education, nonprofits (including both 501(c)(3) and certain non-501(c)(3) organizations), small businesses, for-profit organizations other than small businesses, and multiple levels of government entities (state, county, city/township, special district, independent school districts, public housing authorities/Indian housing authorities, and tribal governments and organizations). The eligibility language also highlighted inclusion of institutions serving underrepresented populations and specific categories such as HBCUs, Hispanic-serving institutions, tribally controlled colleges and universities, and Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian serving institutions, as well as faith-based and community-based organizations when otherwise eligible. Foreign institutions and non-U.S. components of U.S. organizations were not eligible, and foreign components as defined by NIH policy were not allowed, reinforcing that the work supported under this FOA was intended to be conducted entirely within eligible U.S. applicant environments.
The opportunity was posted on July 2, 2014, with an original and final closing date of September 7, 2017, and it was archived on October 8, 2017. It fell under the Health activity category and was associated with CFDA number 93.865, tied to child health and human development extramural research. The sponsoring agency was the National Institutes of Health, and the official announcement was accessible through the NIH grants guide webpage listed in the source information. For technical issues accessing the announcement, the contact route was the NIH Office of Extramural Research (OER) webmaster email provided in the notice.
FAQs: NIH PAR-14-274 - Pharmacogenetics, Pharmacoepigenetics and Personalized Medicine in Children (R01)
What is PAR-14-274?
PAR-14-274 is a National Institutes of Health (NIH) funding opportunity announcement titled "Pharmacogenetics, Pharmacoepigenetics and Personalized Medicine in Children (R01)." It was a discretionary grant program that supported research projects aimed at making pediatric drug therapy more individualized and more predictable.
What was the main purpose of this funding opportunity?
The purpose was to stimulate R01 research that links genetic and epigenetic differences to clinically meaningful drug outcomes in children, using strong and precise pediatric phenotyping of drug response and adverse events. The long-term goal was to help clinicians tailor therapy to an individual child rather than relying on broad dosing averages.
Why did the FOA emphasize that children are not "small adults"?
The FOA was built on the premise that pediatric medication response differs from adults and varies across infancy, childhood, and adolescence. Variability in pediatric drug response was described as influenced by genetics, epigenetic regulation, developmental stage, disease characteristics, environment, and clinical care factors.
What research areas did the FOA encourage?
The FOA encouraged studies in pharmacogenetics and pharmacoepigenetics as they relate to pediatric drug therapy, with a specific emphasis on connecting biological variation to meaningful clinical outcomes in children.
What is pharmacogenetics in the context of this opportunity?
Pharmacogenetics was described as research on how DNA sequence variation influences drug metabolism, drug transport, drug targets, and overall drug response.
What is pharmacoepigenetics in the context of this opportunity?
Pharmacoepigenetics was described as research on how epigenetic mechanisms influence drug metabolism, transport, targets, and response. Examples noted in the opportunity included DNA methylation, histone modifications, and regulatory non-coding RNAs.
What did NIH mean by "pediatric phenotyping" of drug response?
The FOA emphasized measuring drug response in ways that are rigorous, clinically relevant, and appropriate for children. This includes careful definition and measurement of outcomes and adverse events in pediatric populations, accounting for developmental changes over time.
What kinds of outcomes or measures were relevant for phenotyping under this FOA?
Examples mentioned included efficacy, toxicity, dose requirements, drug levels, biomarker responses, and intermediate pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) measures. The FOA also emphasized that outcomes should be defined carefully and measured precisely in children.
How was this opportunity connected to personalized medicine?
The FOA was oriented toward generating evidence that can support more personalized pediatric care, such as identifying which children are most likely to benefit from a drug, which may be at higher risk of adverse effects, and what dosing or drug choice may be optimal based on biological and clinical predictors.
What grant mechanism did this opportunity use?
This opportunity used the NIH R01 mechanism, which supports investigator-initiated research projects and typically allows multi-year, hypothesis-driven research with standard R01 structures and budgets.
Was cost sharing or matching required?
No. The FOA specified that there was no cost sharing or matching requirement.
Who was eligible to apply?
Eligibility was broad and included many U.S. organization types across the research ecosystem. The FOA described eligible applicants as including public and private institutions of higher education, nonprofits (including 501(c)(3) and certain non-501(c)(3) organizations), small businesses, for-profit organizations other than small businesses, and multiple levels of U.S. government entities.
Which government entities were listed as eligible?
The FOA listed state governments, county governments, city or township governments, special district governments, independent school districts, public housing authorities and Indian housing authorities, and tribal governments and organizations as eligible applicants.
Did the FOA specifically encourage institutions that serve underrepresented populations?
Yes. The eligibility language highlighted inclusion of institutions serving underrepresented populations and specifically named categories such as HBCUs, Hispanic-serving institutions, tribally controlled colleges and universities, and Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian serving institutions.
Were faith-based or community-based organizations eligible?
The FOA indicated that faith-based and community-based organizations could be eligible when they otherwise met eligibility requirements.
Were foreign institutions eligible to apply?
No. Foreign institutions were not eligible under this FOA.
Could a U.S. organization include non-U.S. components in the project?
No. Non-U.S. components of U.S. organizations were not eligible, and foreign components as defined by NIH policy were not allowed. The FOA reinforced that supported work was intended to be conducted entirely within eligible U.S. applicant environments.
When was the opportunity posted?
The opportunity was posted on July 2, 2014.
What were the closing dates for applications?
The FOA listed an original and final closing date of September 7, 2017.
Is this funding opportunity still active?
No. The FOA was archived on October 8, 2017.
What activity category did this opportunity fall under?
The activity category listed for the opportunity was Health.
What CFDA number was associated with this opportunity?
The FOA was associated with CFDA number 93.865, tied to child health and human development extramural research.
Which agency sponsored this opportunity?
The sponsoring agency was the National Institutes of Health (NIH).
Where could applicants find the official announcement?
The official announcement was accessible through the NIH grants guide webpage referenced in the source information for the opportunity.
Who should be contacted for technical issues accessing the announcement?
For technical issues accessing the announcement, the FOA directed users to contact the NIH Office of Extramural Research (OER) webmaster email provided in the notice.
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