Reducing the Duration of Untreated Psychosis in the United States (R01) | Apply Online

Opportunity Summary:

The NIH funding opportunity PAR 13-187, titled "Reducing the Duration of Untreated Psychosis in the United States (R01)," is a discretionary research grant program designed to support studies that meaningfully shorten the time between the onset of psychotic symptoms and entry into appropriate specialty care for first episode psychosis (FEP). The central public health problem driving the announcement is the large number of adolescents and young adults who develop psychosis each year in the U.S. (estimated around 100,000 annually) and the persistent, well-documented delay in getting effective treatment. Even though coordinated, multi-element FEP specialty care programs have been shown to improve both clinical symptoms and real-world functioning, many individuals do not reach these services quickly. The FOA emphasizes that the early phase of psychotic illness is a critical window for prevention of deterioration and for altering long-term trajectories associated with serious mental illnesses such as schizophrenia.

A core concept in this announcement is the duration of untreated psychosis (DUP), which refers to the length of time between the onset of psychotic symptoms and the start of adequate treatment. The FOA highlights that in the United States DUP is commonly delayed by one to three years, which is far longer than what is considered clinically desirable. Since better outcomes are consistently linked to earlier engagement in treatment, the announcement frames long DUP as a major, addressable systems problem rather than an unavoidable feature of illness. It points to the World Health Organization benchmark advocating for DUP of three months or less, and it calls for practical approaches to move the U.S. closer to that target.

The purpose of the R01s supported under this FOA is to test reproducible strategies that substantially reduce DUP by removing major bottlenecks along the pathway to specialty FEP care. In practical terms, this means funding research that identifies where people get stuck or drop out between first symptom onset and specialty treatment, then evaluates interventions that streamline early identification, speed referrals, and improve engagement in phase-specific care. The announcement is oriented toward real-world implementation challenges, such as delays in recognizing early psychosis, fragmented referral routes, limited awareness among first-contact settings, and barriers that prevent young people and families from connecting to specialized services quickly. The emphasis on "reproducible" strategies signals interest in approaches that are clearly defined, can be reliably implemented in multiple settings, and have the potential to be scaled or adopted beyond a single local context.

In terms of administrative details, this is an NIH R01 grant mechanism within the health research category, associated with CFDA 93.242 (Mental Health Research Grants). The FOA had set-aside funds, with an estimated total funding level of $2,000,000 across the initiative, and it did not require cost sharing or matching. The opportunity was posted and created on April 10, 2013, with an original and final closing date of May 7, 2016, and it was archived on June 7, 2016. While the archived status means the specific solicitation window has closed, the summary still reflects the goals and priorities NIH sought to advance through this particular call for research.

Eligibility under the FOA was broad and included many types of domestic organizations and governments, reflecting the program's focus on system-level pathways to care that can involve healthcare providers, schools, community agencies, and public systems. Eligible applicants included state, county, city or township governments, special district governments, independent school districts, public housing authorities/Indian housing authorities, tribal governments and tribal organizations, and regional organizations. It also included public and state-controlled institutions of higher education, private institutions of higher education, nonprofits with or without 501(c)(3) status (excluding institutions of higher education in those nonprofit categories), small businesses, and for-profit organizations other than small businesses. The FOA also explicitly listed categories such as Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs), Hispanic-serving institutions, tribally controlled colleges and universities (TCCUs), Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian-serving institutions, and Asian American and Native American Pacific Islander-serving institutions (AANAPISIs), as well as faith-based and community-based organizations and eligible federal agencies. Non-U.S. entities were not eligible to apply, and non-U.S. components of U.S. organizations were not eligible, although foreign components (as NIH defines them) were allowed, indicating that limited international collaboration could be included when justified within a U.S.-focused project.

Overall, the grant opportunity is best understood as an NIH effort to push the field beyond documenting long treatment delays and toward testing concrete, scalable solutions that reduce those delays. The program ties the clinical importance of early psychosis intervention to a systems engineering style problem: finding and fixing the points in the identification-to-treatment pipeline that create months or years of unnecessary waiting. The intended endpoint is not simply more awareness of early psychosis, but demonstrably faster access to specialty FEP care and improved engagement at the exact stage when intervention is most likely to prevent functional decline.

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