Opportunity Information: Apply for RFA AI 15 058
Apply for RFA AI 15 058
- The HHS-NIH11 in the health sector is offering a public funding opportunity titled "Risk of Adolescence and Injury in HIV Susceptibility (RAIS) (R01)" and is now available to receive applicants.
- Interested and eligible applicants and submit their applications by referencing the CFDA number(s): 93.313, 93.855, 93.856,.
- This funding opportunity was created on Dec 04, 2015 and posted on Dec 04, 2015.
- Applicants must submit their applications by Mar 16, 2016. (Agency may still review applications by suitable applicants for the remaining/unused allocated funding in 2026.)
- Each selected applicant is eligible to receive up to $400,000.00 in funding.
- Eligible applicants include: State governments, County governments, City or township governments, Special district governments, Independent school districts, Public and State controlled institutions of higher education, Native American tribal governments (Federally recognized), Public housing authorities/Indian housing authorities, Native American tribal organizations (other than Federally recognized tribal governments), Nonprofits having a 501(c)(3) status with the IRS, other than institutions of higher education, Nonprofits that do not have a 501(c)(3) status with the IRS, other than institutions of higher education, Private institutions of higher education, For profit organizations other than small businesses, Small businesses, Others (see text field entitled Additional Information on Eligibility for clarification).
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Opportunity Summary:
The Risk of Adolescence and Injury in HIV Susceptibility (RAIS) (R01) funding opportunity (RFA-AI-15-058) is a discretionary NIH grant aimed at advancing biomedical, proof-of-concept research that explains why HIV susceptibility may change during adolescence and in the context of tissue injury. The central scientific focus is on how reproductive maturation (the biological changes that occur as adolescents progress through puberty and sexual maturation) and/or injury to mucosal tissues can alter the local mucosal environment at body sites where HIV exposure and transmission are most likely. By clarifying what changes in these tissues and immune defenses occur during maturation or after injury, the program seeks to generate evidence that can directly improve HIV prevention strategies for people who are at elevated risk of acquiring HIV.
A key idea behind the FOA is that mucosal surfaces are not static. The genital and other mucosa can change structurally and immunologically as reproductive biology matures, and it can also be disrupted by physical injury, inflammation, or other forms of tissue damage. These changes may affect factors such as epithelial integrity (how intact the protective lining is), local immune cell populations, inflammatory signaling, microbiological conditions, and other features that influence whether HIV can establish infection after exposure. RAIS is positioned to support research that identifies and characterizes these mechanisms, with the expectation that such findings will inform the design and use of biomedical prevention tools in real-world settings.
The public health rationale emphasized in the announcement is practical and prevention-oriented: understanding maturation- and injury-related shifts in susceptibility is considered essential to delivering HIV prevention methods that are both safe and effective for adolescents and other vulnerable groups. The FOA explicitly ties this knowledge to biomedical prevention strategies including topical microbicides and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). In other words, the goal is not only to map biological risk, but to ensure that prevention products and approaches are optimized for populations whose mucosal biology may differ from adults or may be temporarily altered by injury, thereby reducing unintended harm and improving protective efficacy.
This opportunity uses the NIH R01 funding mechanism, which typically supports substantial, hypothesis-driven research programs and can accommodate multidisciplinary approaches. The award ceiling listed for this FOA is $400,000. The FOA was created and posted on December 4, 2015, with an original and current closing date of March 16, 2016, indicating it was a time-limited call for proposals rather than a permanently open announcement. The issuing organization is within the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health (HHS-NIH11). The associated CFDA numbers are 93.313, 93.855, and 93.856, reflecting NIH program areas that support infectious disease, immunology, and related biomedical research.
Eligibility is broad and includes many types of U.S.-based organizations capable of conducting biomedical research. Eligible applicants include state, county, city/township, and special district governments; independent school districts; public and state-controlled colleges and universities; private institutions of higher education; federally recognized Native American tribal governments; other tribal organizations; public housing authorities/Indian housing authorities; nonprofit organizations both with and without 501(c)(3) status (excluding institutions of higher education when specified); for-profit organizations other than small businesses; small businesses; and other entities as further clarified in the FOA’s additional eligibility language. This wide eligibility scope suggests NIH’s intent to attract proposals from academic research centers, clinical and public health institutions, community-linked research organizations, and private-sector or translational groups capable of developing proof-of-concept biomedical evidence.
In summary, RAIS (R01) is a targeted NIH grant opportunity designed to fill critical gaps in knowledge about how puberty-related reproductive maturation and mucosal injury reshape the biological conditions that affect HIV acquisition risk at susceptible tissue sites. The expected payoff is actionable insight that strengthens HIV prevention by tailoring or validating interventions like microbicides and PrEP for adolescents and others who may face heightened vulnerability due to developmental biology or tissue disruption.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
What is the RAIS (R01) funding opportunity?
The Risk of Adolescence and Injury in HIV Susceptibility (RAIS) (R01) funding opportunity (RFA-AI-15-058) is a discretionary National Institutes of Health (NIH) grant intended to support biomedical, proof-of-concept research focused on why HIV susceptibility may change during adolescence and in the context of tissue injury.
What does RAIS stand for?
RAIS stands for The Risk of Adolescence and Injury in HIV Susceptibility.
What is the funding mechanism for this opportunity?
This opportunity uses the NIH R01 grant mechanism, which is typically used to support substantial, hypothesis-driven research programs and can accommodate multidisciplinary approaches.
What is the main scientific focus of the FOA?
The central focus is on how reproductive maturation (biological changes during puberty and sexual maturation) and/or injury to mucosal tissues can alter the local mucosal environment at body sites where HIV exposure and transmission are most likely.
Why does the FOA focus on adolescence?
The FOA highlights adolescence because reproductive maturation may change mucosal tissue structure and immune defenses in ways that can affect HIV susceptibility. The goal is to clarify what changes occur during maturation that may influence whether HIV can establish infection after exposure.
Why does the FOA focus on mucosal tissue injury?
The FOA emphasizes that physical injury, inflammation, or other tissue damage can disrupt mucosal surfaces and change local biological conditions in ways that may affect HIV acquisition risk. RAIS supports research that characterizes these injury-related mechanisms.
What does the FOA mean by mucosal surfaces "not being static"?
It means genital and other mucosal tissues can change structurally and immunologically over time (such as during reproductive maturation) and can also be altered by disruption or damage (such as injury or inflammation). These shifts may influence susceptibility to HIV at likely exposure sites.
What kinds of biological factors does RAIS expect applicants to investigate?
Based on the FOA description, relevant factors include epithelial integrity (how intact the protective lining is), local immune cell populations, inflammatory signaling, microbiological conditions, and other features of the mucosal environment that may influence HIV establishment after exposure.
What is meant by "reproductive maturation" in this FOA?
Reproductive maturation refers to the biological changes that occur as adolescents progress through puberty and sexual maturation.
What is meant by "mucosal environment" in this FOA?
In this context, the mucosal environment refers to local tissue and immune conditions at mucosal body sites where HIV exposure and transmission are most likely, including structural and immunologic features that may affect infection risk.
What is the public health rationale behind RAIS?
The stated rationale is prevention-oriented: understanding maturation- and injury-related shifts in HIV susceptibility is viewed as essential for delivering HIV prevention methods that are safe and effective for adolescents and other vulnerable groups.
How is this FOA connected to HIV prevention tools like microbicides and PrEP?
The FOA explicitly links this research to biomedical prevention strategies including topical microbicides and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). The aim is to generate evidence that can improve how prevention tools are designed and used in populations whose mucosal biology may differ from adults or may be temporarily altered by injury.
Is the goal only to describe risk, or to improve prevention strategies?
The FOA frames the goal as both: to clarify biological mechanisms of susceptibility changes and to produce evidence that can directly improve HIV prevention strategies, including optimizing safety and protective efficacy in real-world settings.
What kind of research does RAIS support?
RAIS is intended to support biomedical, proof-of-concept research that explains mechanisms underlying changes in HIV susceptibility during adolescence and/or following mucosal tissue injury.
Does the FOA encourage multidisciplinary research?
Yes. The use of the R01 mechanism is described as accommodating multidisciplinary approaches, which aligns with the FOA's emphasis on tissue structure, immunology, inflammation, and microbiological conditions.
What is the maximum award amount listed for this FOA?
The award ceiling listed is $400,000.
When was this FOA posted?
The FOA was created and posted on December 4, 2015.
What is the application closing date for this FOA?
The original and current closing date listed is March 16, 2016, indicating this was a time-limited call for proposals.
Is this a permanently open funding opportunity?
No. The information provided indicates it was time-limited, with a specific closing date rather than an ongoing open submission window.
Which agency issues this funding opportunity?
The issuing organization is within the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), identified as HHS-NIH11 in the opportunity information provided.
What are the CFDA numbers associated with this opportunity?
The associated CFDA numbers are 93.313, 93.855, and 93.856.
What types of organizations are eligible to apply?
Eligibility is broad and includes state, county, city/township, and special district governments; independent school districts; public and state-controlled colleges and universities; private institutions of higher education; federally recognized Native American tribal governments; other tribal organizations; public housing authorities/Indian housing authorities; nonprofit organizations with and without 501(c)(3) status (excluding institutions of higher education when specified); for-profit organizations other than small businesses; small businesses; and other entities as further clarified in the FOA’s additional eligibility language.
Are tribal governments and tribal organizations eligible?
Yes. Federally recognized Native American tribal governments and other tribal organizations are listed among eligible applicants.
Are nonprofit organizations eligible?
Yes. Nonprofit organizations with and without 501(c)(3) status are listed as eligible (with additional eligibility language noted in the FOA, including exclusions when specified).
Are for-profit organizations eligible?
Yes. For-profit organizations other than small businesses are listed as eligible, and small businesses are also listed as eligible.
Are colleges and universities eligible to apply?
Yes. Public and state-controlled colleges and universities and private institutions of higher education are included among eligible applicants.
Are government entities eligible to apply?
Yes. State, county, city/township, and special district governments, as well as independent school districts, are included among eligible applicants.
What kinds of applicants does NIH appear to be trying to attract with this FOA?
The broad eligibility suggests NIH intended to attract proposals from academic research centers, clinical and public health institutions, community-linked research organizations, and private-sector or translational groups capable of producing proof-of-concept biomedical evidence relevant to HIV prevention.
What problem is RAIS designed to address?
RAIS is designed to fill gaps in knowledge about how puberty-related reproductive maturation and mucosal injury reshape tissue and immune conditions at susceptible sites, potentially changing HIV acquisition risk.
What is the expected payoff or impact of the research supported by RAIS?
The FOA emphasizes actionable insight that can strengthen HIV prevention by tailoring or validating interventions like topical microbicides and PrEP for adolescents and others who may be more vulnerable due to developmental biology or tissue disruption.
What types of tissue sites are relevant to this FOA?
The FOA points to mucosal sites where HIV exposure and transmission are most likely, emphasizing genital and other mucosal tissues that can change during maturation or be disrupted by injury.
What is meant by epithelial integrity and why is it relevant here?
Epithelial integrity refers to how intact the protective lining of mucosal tissue is. The FOA identifies it as one of the factors that may influence whether HIV can establish infection after exposure, particularly when tissues are changing during maturation or are disrupted by injury.
Does the FOA suggest that prevention approaches might need to be different for adolescents?
Yes. The FOA links biological differences during adolescence to the need for prevention methods that are safe and effective for adolescents, and it highlights optimizing products and approaches for populations whose mucosal biology may differ from adults.
Does the FOA suggest that injury can temporarily change prevention effectiveness or safety?
The FOA indicates that injury can alter mucosal biology and therefore may influence conditions relevant to HIV acquisition. It also frames the research as important for optimizing prevention tools in populations whose mucosa may be temporarily altered by injury, with the aim of reducing unintended harm and improving protective efficacy.
What is the FOA identifier for this opportunity?
The FOA identifier provided is RFA-AI-15-058.
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