Opportunity Information: Apply for PA 14 126
Apply for PA 14 126
- The National Institutes of Health in the health sector is offering a public funding opportunity titled "Strengthening Adherence to Antiretroviral Based HIV Treatment and Prevention (R01)" and is now available to receive applicants.
- Interested and eligible applicants and submit their applications by referencing the CFDA number(s): 93.242 Mental Health Research Grants 93.855 Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research 93.856 Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Research.
- This funding opportunity was created on Feb 28, 2014 and posted on Feb 28, 2014.
- Applicants must submit their applications by Jan 7, 2017. (Agency may still review applications by suitable applicants for the remaining/unused allocated funding in 2026.)
- Eligible applicants include: Others (see text field entitled Additional Information on Eligibility for clarification) Special district governments Native American tribal governments (Federally recognized) Native American tribal organizations (other than Federally recognized tribal governments) Nonprofits that do not have a 501(c)(3) status with the IRS, other than institutions of higher education Private institutions of higher education Nonprofits having a 501(c)(3) status with the IRS, other than institutions of higher education Small businesses State governments Public and State controlled institutions of higher education City or township governments Public housing authorities/Indian housing authorities For profit organizations other than small businesses Independent school districts County governments.
- Other Eligible Applicants include the following Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian Serving Institutions Asian American Native American Pacific Islander Serving Institutions (AANAPISISs) Eligible Agencies of the Federal Government Faith based or Community based Organizations Hispanic serving Institutions Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) Indian/Native American Tribal Governments (Other than Federally Recognized) Non domestic (non U.S.) Entities (Foreign Organizations) Regional Organizations Tribally Controlled Colleges and Universities (TCCUs) U.S. Territory or Possession Non domestic (non U.S.) Entities (Foreign Institutions) are eligible to apply. Non domestic (non U.S.) components of U.S. Organizations are eligible to apply. Foreign components, as defined in the NIH Grants Policy Statement, are allowed.
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Opportunity Summary:
Strengthening Adherence to Antiretroviral Based HIV Treatment and Prevention (R01) (Funding Opportunity Number PA 14-126) was a National Institutes of Health (NIH) research grant opportunity designed to support studies that improve how well people start, maintain, and sustain adherence to antiretroviral (ARV) medications used for both HIV treatment and HIV prevention. The core scientific and public health problem behind the announcement is that ARV medications only deliver their full benefit when people can take them correctly and consistently over time. Even highly effective regimens can fall short if adherence is difficult due to behavioral, social, structural, clinical, or policy barriers. This FOA therefore prioritizes research that not only explains why adherence succeeds or fails, but also develops and tests practical interventions that can be implemented quickly in real-world settings to improve HIV outcomes.
The FOA specifically highlights two major application areas. The first is adherence to pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), where HIV-negative individuals take ARVs to prevent infection. The second is adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART), where people living with HIV take ARVs to achieve and maintain viral suppression, protect their health, and reduce onward transmission. Across both PrEP and ART, the emphasis is on intervention development and evaluation that is feasible outside of highly controlled research environments, meaning studies should generate strategies that can be deployed in clinics, community organizations, or through policy and systems changes. The framing is intentionally implementation-oriented: the goal is to produce adherence solutions that can realistically be adopted by health systems and communities, rather than interventions that work only under ideal conditions.
From a research standpoint, the announcement encourages work that deepens understanding of adherence behavior and then translates that understanding into effective supports. This can include examining individual-level influences (such as motivation, mental health, substance use, cognition, treatment beliefs, side effects, pill fatigue, stigma, or risk perception), interpersonal factors (such as partner dynamics, disclosure concerns, social support, or intimate partner violence), and structural determinants (such as housing instability, transportation, incarceration, insurance coverage, clinic accessibility, cost barriers, discrimination, and broader social inequities). Because the FOA stresses rapid implementability, it implicitly favors approaches that can be integrated into routine service delivery, such as scalable counseling models, technology-assisted supports, differentiated care models, pharmacy-based strategies, community-led adherence programs, or interventions that address system bottlenecks and policy barriers.
Administratively, this opportunity used the NIH R01 mechanism, which typically supports discrete, hypothesis-driven research projects of substantial scope. The funding instrument type was a grant, and the activity category was health. It did not require cost sharing or matching. The associated CFDA numbers listed for the program were 93.242 (Mental Health Research Grants), 93.855 (Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research), and 93.856 (Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Research, which commonly includes infectious disease-related work). The opportunity was posted on February 28, 2014, and it originally closed on January 7, 2017, with the archive date listed as February 7, 2017, meaning it is no longer open for applications.
Eligibility was broad and included many types of U.S. organizations and governments as well as non-U.S. entities. Eligible applicants included state, county, city or township governments, special district governments, independent school districts, and public housing authorities (including Indian housing authorities). Academic eligibility included public and state-controlled institutions of higher education and private institutions of higher education. Organizational eligibility also included nonprofits with and without 501(c)(3) status (excluding higher education institutions in those categories), for-profit organizations other than small businesses, and small businesses. The FOA also explicitly recognized a wide range of mission-driven and minority-serving institutions and community-based entities as eligible, such as faith-based or community-based organizations, Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs), Hispanic-serving institutions, Tribally Controlled Colleges and Universities (TCCUs), Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian Serving Institutions, and Asian American and Native American Pacific Islander Serving Institutions (AANAPISIs), as well as tribal governments and tribal organizations (including those other than federally recognized). Importantly, foreign organizations and foreign institutions were eligible to apply, non-U.S. components of U.S. organizations were eligible, and foreign components (as defined by NIH policy) were allowed, reflecting NIHs interest in adherence research that may be highly relevant in global HIV contexts as well as in the United States.
For applicants seeking the original full announcement details, NIH provided an additional information link to the NIH Grants Guide page (http://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/pa-files/PA-14-126.html). For technical issues accessing the announcement or linking to it, the contact listed was the NIH Office of Extramural Research (OER) Webmaster at FBOWebmaster@OD.NIH.GOV.
FAQs: Strengthening Adherence to Antiretroviral Based HIV Treatment and Prevention (R01) (PA 14-126)
What is this funding opportunity?
Strengthening Adherence to Antiretroviral Based HIV Treatment and Prevention (R01) (Funding Opportunity Number PA 14-126) was a National Institutes of Health (NIH) research grant opportunity to support studies focused on improving adherence to antiretroviral (ARV) medications used for both HIV treatment and HIV prevention.
What problem was the FOA trying to solve?
The FOA focused on the public health challenge that ARV medications only deliver their full benefit when people can take them correctly and consistently over time. Even highly effective regimens can fall short when adherence is difficult due to behavioral, social, structural, clinical, or policy barriers.
What types of medication adherence does the FOA cover?
The FOA covers adherence to ARVs used for HIV prevention (PrEP) and adherence to ARVs used for HIV treatment (ART).
What are the two main application areas highlighted?
The FOA highlighted: (1) adherence to pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), where HIV-negative individuals take ARVs to prevent infection; and (2) adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART), where people living with HIV take ARVs to achieve and maintain viral suppression and reduce onward transmission.
What is the overall emphasis of the research encouraged by this FOA?
The emphasis is on understanding why adherence succeeds or fails and then developing and testing practical interventions that can be implemented quickly in real-world settings (for example, clinics, community organizations, or through policy and systems changes).
Does the FOA prioritize real-world implementation over highly controlled studies?
Yes. The framing is implementation-oriented, prioritizing strategies that can realistically be adopted by health systems and communities rather than interventions that only work under ideal, highly controlled research conditions.
What kinds of factors influencing adherence are within scope?
The FOA describes a broad set of influences on adherence, including individual-level, interpersonal, and structural determinants that can help explain why adherence succeeds or fails and inform intervention design.
Which individual-level influences does the FOA mention?
Examples listed include motivation, mental health, substance use, cognition, treatment beliefs, side effects, pill fatigue, stigma, and risk perception.
Which interpersonal influences does the FOA mention?
Examples listed include partner dynamics, disclosure concerns, social support, and intimate partner violence.
Which structural determinants does the FOA mention?
Examples listed include housing instability, transportation, incarceration, insurance coverage, clinic accessibility, cost barriers, discrimination, and broader social inequities.
What kinds of interventions does the FOA suggest could be appropriate?
The FOA implicitly favors approaches that can be integrated into routine service delivery. Examples mentioned include scalable counseling models, technology-assisted supports, differentiated care models, pharmacy-based strategies, community-led adherence programs, and interventions that address system bottlenecks and policy barriers.
What funding mechanism was used?
This opportunity used the NIH R01 mechanism, which typically supports discrete, hypothesis-driven research projects of substantial scope.
What was the funding instrument type and activity category?
The funding instrument type was a grant, and the activity category was health.
Was cost sharing or matching required?
No. The FOA did not require cost sharing or matching.
Which CFDA numbers were associated with this opportunity?
The CFDA numbers listed were 93.242 (Mental Health Research Grants), 93.855 (Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research), and 93.856 (Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Research).
When was this opportunity posted?
The opportunity was posted on February 28, 2014.
When did the opportunity close?
The opportunity originally closed on January 7, 2017.
Is this FOA still open for applications?
No. The archive date is listed as February 7, 2017, and it is no longer open for applications.
Who was eligible to apply?
Eligibility was broad. It included many types of U.S. organizations and governments, as well as non-U.S. entities, including foreign organizations and foreign institutions.
Which U.S. government entities were eligible?
Eligible government applicants included state governments, county governments, city or township governments, special district governments, independent school districts, and public housing authorities (including Indian housing authorities).
Which academic institutions were eligible?
Eligible academic applicants included public and state-controlled institutions of higher education and private institutions of higher education.
Which nonprofit organizations were eligible?
Eligible applicants included nonprofits with 501(c)(3) status and nonprofits without 501(c)(3) status (in both cases, excluding higher education institutions in those categories as stated in the eligibility list).
Were for-profit entities eligible?
Yes. For-profit organizations other than small businesses were eligible, and small businesses were also eligible.
Were faith-based and community-based organizations eligible?
Yes. The FOA explicitly recognized faith-based and community-based organizations as eligible.
Were minority-serving institutions specifically mentioned as eligible?
Yes. The FOA explicitly listed several categories of minority-serving institutions as eligible, including Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs), Hispanic-serving institutions, Tribally Controlled Colleges and Universities (TCCUs), Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian Serving Institutions, and Asian American and Native American Pacific Islander Serving Institutions (AANAPISIs).
Were tribal governments and tribal organizations eligible?
Yes. Tribal governments and tribal organizations (including those other than federally recognized) were listed as eligible.
Could foreign organizations apply directly?
Yes. Foreign organizations and foreign institutions were eligible to apply.
Were non-U.S. components of U.S. organizations eligible?
Yes. Non-U.S. components of U.S. organizations were eligible.
Were foreign components allowed under NIH policy?
Yes. The FOA allowed foreign components (as defined by NIH policy).
Where can someone find the original FOA details?
NIH provided an additional information link to the NIH Grants Guide page: http://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/pa-files/PA-14-126.html
Who was the contact for technical issues accessing the announcement link?
The contact listed for technical issues was the NIH Office of Extramural Research (OER) Webmaster at FBOWebmaster@OD.NIH.GOV.
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