Technology Based Adherence Interventions for Substance Abusing Populations with HIV (R34) | Apply Online

Opportunity Summary:

The grant opportunity "Technology Based Adherence Interventions for Substance Abusing Populations with HIV (R34)" (Funding Opportunity Number PAS 10 098) is a National Institutes of Health program led by the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) focused on improving HIV treatment adherence among people who use or abuse substances. The central idea is to support early stage research that designs, refines, and tests technology driven approaches that help individuals take HIV medications consistently and stay connected to care, especially in the real world situations where adherence often breaks down. Rather than relying only on clinic based reminders or infrequent check ins, the program emphasizes interventions that can operate in naturally occurring timeframes and contexts, meaning tools that work during day to day life when cravings, unstable housing, mental health symptoms, or chaotic schedules can interfere with treatment.

A key feature of this FOA is its emphasis on technology as the vehicle for adherence support. NIDA highlights a broad menu of possible tools, including mobile enabling technologies, Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA), enhanced Medication Event Monitoring Systems, computer software, portable digital devices, and cell phones or digital assistant devices. In practice, this could include systems that monitor adherence patterns, deliver tailored prompts, capture real time self reports about substance use triggers, or provide immediate links to support when someone is at risk of missing doses. The underlying goal is to develop and pilot interventions that do more than educate; they are meant to respond to an individuals situation as it unfolds, using technology to deliver timely, actionable help.

The FOA is structured around the R34 mechanism, which is typically used for developmental work such as intervention development, feasibility studies, and pilot testing. This means the expected projects are not necessarily large, definitive efficacy trials; instead, they are meant to establish whether a technology based adherence approach is workable, acceptable to the target population, and promising enough to justify a larger follow on study. NIDA notes that this announcement runs in parallel with a companion FOA of identical scientific scope that uses the R01 mechanism (PAS 10 097), which is generally more appropriate for larger, more fully powered research projects. Applicants are therefore being guided to choose a mechanism that matches the maturity of their intervention and evidence base.

Multidisciplinary collaboration is strongly encouraged. NIDA specifically calls for teams that bring together social scientists, medical researchers (including physicians and nurses), and technology experts. The rationale is that improving adherence in substance using populations involves more than programming an app or sending reminders; it requires understanding behavior change, addiction dynamics, clinical HIV care, privacy and usability constraints, and how to build reliable tools that can function outside controlled research settings. The FOA also explicitly welcomes work on developing and refining mobile instrumentation, e health technologies, and software as interventions themselves or as core components of broader interventions that improve adherence and real time access to care.

Funding for the program was planned at up to 1.5 million in total costs in FY 2010 and up to 1.5 million in FY 2011, with an anticipated total of 6 to 9 new projects supported across this R34 FOA and the companion R01 FOA. The listed award ceiling is 250,000, aligning with the smaller, pilot oriented nature of the R34 mechanism. There is no cost sharing or matching requirement, which reduces barriers for applicants who may not have substantial non federal resources.

Eligibility is broad and includes many organization types that could realistically conduct or partner on HIV and substance use research. Eligible applicants include public and state controlled institutions of higher education, private institutions of higher education, nonprofits (including 501(c)(3) organizations and certain nonprofits without 501(c)(3) status), state and local governments (including counties, cities, townships, special districts), independent school districts, public housing authorities, Native American tribal governments and tribal organizations, small businesses, and other for profit organizations. The FOA also lists additional eligible applicants such as faith based and community based organizations, historically black colleges and universities (HBCUs), Hispanic serving institutions, Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian serving institutions, tribally controlled colleges and universities (TCCUs), regional organizations, U.S. territories or possessions, federal agencies, and non U.S. entities (foreign organizations). That wide eligibility reflects the reality that successful adherence interventions often require community embedded recruitment and implementation settings, not just academic medical centers.

Administratively, the opportunity falls under CFDA 93.279 (Drug Abuse and Addiction Research Programs) and is categorized under education and health within discretionary grant funding. It was posted January 27, 2010, with key dates including an original closing date of September 7, 2012, a listed current closing date of May 7, 2011, and an archive date of June 7, 2011. The administering agency is NIH, and the full announcement was made available through the NIH grants guide (link provided in the source). For access or technical issues, the contact route is through the NIH Office of Extramural Research (OER) webmaster.

In short, this FOA is aimed at building the next generation of practical, real time, technology enabled adherence supports for HIV positive people who use substances, with a strong emphasis on feasibility and pilot testing, collaboration across disciplines, and interventions that function in the everyday conditions where adherence challenges actually occur.

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