Opportunity Information: Apply for PA 07 044
Apply for PA 07 044
- The National Institutes of Health in the health income security and social services sector is offering a public funding opportunity titled "Transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) In Semen (R01)" and is now available to receive applicants.
- Interested and eligible applicants and submit their applications by referencing the CFDA number(s): 93.865 Child Health and Human Development Extramural Research.
- This funding opportunity was created on Dec 5, 2008 and posted on Nov 21, 2006.
- Applicants must submit their applications by Multiple Receipt Dates See Link to Full Announcement for details.. (Agency may still review applications by suitable applicants for the remaining/unused allocated funding in 2026.)
- Eligible applicants include: Others (see text field entitled Additional Information on Eligibility for clarification) For profit organizations other than small businesses Special district governments Independent school districts State governments Nonprofits having a 501(c)(3) status with the IRS, other than institutions of higher education Public housing authorities/Indian housing authorities Small businesses Native American tribal organizations (other than Federally recognized tribal governments) Native American tribal governments (Federally recognized) City or township governments Public and State controlled institutions of higher education Private institutions of higher education County governments Nonprofits that do not have a 501(c)(3) status with the IRS, other than institutions of higher education.
- Foreign institutions are eligible to apply. Eligible agencies of the Federal Government can apply. Faith based or community based organizations can apply.
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Opportunity Summary:
This NIH R01 funding opportunity (PA-07-044), titled "Transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) in Semen," supports investigator-initiated research aimed at improving both basic and clinical understanding of how HIV behaves in semen and how that biology influences sexual transmission. The central public health motivation is that exposure to semen from HIV-seropositive men is a major pathway for HIV-1 transmission, yet key questions remain about why and when virus is shed into the male genital tract, what forms of virus are present there, and how infectious those forms are under different biological and treatment conditions. The announcement is sponsored by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), specifically its Division of Kidney, Urologic and Hematologic Diseases (DKUHD), together with the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Center for Population Research.
The scientific focus is on identifying and explaining the factors that determine HIV shedding and infectivity in the male genital tract. The FOA encourages studies that break semen down into relevant fractions and evaluate which fractions contain infectious virus, how infectivity differs across fractions, and what that implies for transmission risk. It also calls for work that examines how antiretroviral therapy affects HIV in semen, not just in terms of viral presence or quantity, but specifically how treatment may change infectivity within different semen components. Another major theme is the immunobiology of the male genital tract: the opportunity invites projects that connect local immune responses, cellular targets, and tissue environments with HIV replication dynamics and the ability of virus to be transmitted.
A particularly emphasized area is the identification of the anatomic sites where virus-infected cells reside and where virus is produced within the male genital tract. In practice, this points applicants toward research that clarifies which tissues, compartments, and cell populations contribute to shedding into semen, and how compartmentalized infection may persist or vary independently of blood measures. The FOA also highlights genital tract inflammation and related local factors as important modifiers of transmission through semen, signaling interest in studies that can explain how inflammatory processes, co-occurring conditions, or other local changes influence viral replication, shedding patterns, and infectious potential.
From a programmatic standpoint, the announcement is meant to broaden and strengthen the field by encouraging interdisciplinary approaches and attracting investigators who may be new to semen-focused HIV transmission research. The goal is to expand the scope and effectiveness of research on male genital tract HIV biology by bringing together expertise from areas such as virology, immunology, urology, reproductive biology, clinical infectious disease, and translational science, with an emphasis on work that can meaningfully clarify mechanisms of shedding and transmission risk.
Administratively, this is a discretionary grant opportunity using the NIH R01 mechanism and falls under the health-related funding activity category. The CFDA listing provided is 93.865 (Child Health and Human Development Extramural Research). There is no cost sharing or matching requirement. The opportunity was posted November 21, 2006, with multiple receipt dates (applicants were directed to the full announcement for specific deadlines), and it was later archived on April 5, 2009. Eligibility is broad and includes public and private institutions of higher education, nonprofits (with and without 501(c)(3) status), small businesses and other for-profit organizations (other than small businesses are explicitly listed as eligible), various units of local and state government, tribal governments and tribal organizations, school districts, housing authorities, and special district governments. The announcement also states that foreign institutions are eligible to apply, that eligible federal agencies may apply, and that faith-based and community-based organizations are eligible as well.
For full details, NIH directed applicants to the complete FOA text at http://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/pa-files/PA-07-044.html, and provided NIH Office of Extramural Research (OER) webmaster contacts for access or linking issues (FBOWebmaster@OD.NIH.GOV).
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs): NIH R01 PA-07-044 - Transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) in Semen
What is this funding opportunity?
This is an NIH R01 funding opportunity announcement (FOA) titled "Transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) in Semen" (PA-07-044). It supports investigator-initiated research to improve basic and clinical understanding of how HIV behaves in semen and how that biology influences sexual transmission.
What is the public health motivation behind this FOA?
The FOA is motivated by the fact that exposure to semen from HIV-seropositive men is a major pathway for HIV-1 transmission. Despite this, key questions remain about when and why virus is shed into the male genital tract, what forms of virus are present, and how infectious those forms are under different biological and treatment conditions.
What NIH grant mechanism is used?
The opportunity uses the NIH R01 research project grant mechanism.
Is this an investigator-initiated opportunity?
Yes. The FOA explicitly supports investigator-initiated research.
Which NIH Institutes or Centers sponsor this announcement?
The announcement is sponsored by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), specifically its Division of Kidney, Urologic and Hematologic Diseases (DKUHD), together with the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Center for Population Research.
What is the main scientific focus of the FOA?
The scientific focus is identifying and explaining the factors that determine HIV shedding and infectivity in the male genital tract, and how those factors relate to transmission risk through semen.
What kinds of questions does the FOA aim to address about HIV in semen?
Based on the FOA description, the research aims to clarify issues such as why and when HIV is shed into the male genital tract, what forms of virus are present in semen, and how infectious those forms are across different biological conditions and in the presence of treatment.
Does the FOA encourage fractionating semen for analysis?
Yes. The FOA encourages studies that break semen down into relevant fractions and evaluate which fractions contain infectious virus, how infectivity differs across fractions, and what those differences imply for transmission risk.
Does the FOA specifically address infectivity, not just viral quantity?
Yes. It calls for research that examines infectivity and how it may vary across semen components, including how antiretroviral therapy may change infectivity within different fractions, not only presence or quantity.
What role does antiretroviral therapy (ART) play in the scope of this FOA?
The FOA invites work examining how antiretroviral therapy affects HIV in semen, including whether treatment alters infectivity and how those effects may differ across different semen components.
Is immunology of the male genital tract part of the research emphasis?
Yes. A major theme is the immunobiology of the male genital tract, including projects that connect local immune responses, cellular targets, and tissue environments with HIV replication dynamics and the ability of virus to be transmitted.
Does the FOA emphasize finding where virus is produced or where infected cells reside?
Yes. A particularly emphasized area is identifying the anatomic sites in the male genital tract where virus-infected cells reside and where virus is produced.
What does the FOA suggest about compartmentalization in the male genital tract?
The FOA points toward research clarifying which tissues, compartments, and cell populations contribute to shedding into semen, and how compartmentalized infection may persist or vary independently of blood measures.
Is genital tract inflammation included as an area of interest?
Yes. The FOA highlights genital tract inflammation and related local factors as modifiers of transmission through semen, with interest in studies explaining how inflammatory processes, co-occurring conditions, or other local changes influence replication, shedding patterns, and infectious potential.
What types of research approaches does the FOA try to encourage?
The announcement is intended to broaden and strengthen the field by encouraging interdisciplinary approaches and attracting investigators who may be new to semen-focused HIV transmission research. It emphasizes bringing together expertise across areas such as virology, immunology, urology, reproductive biology, clinical infectious disease, and translational science.
What is the overall program goal beyond individual research projects?
Programmatically, the FOA aims to expand the scope and effectiveness of research on male genital tract HIV biology by strengthening the field and supporting work that can meaningfully clarify mechanisms of shedding and transmission risk.
What is the CFDA number listed for this opportunity?
The CFDA listing provided is 93.865 (Child Health and Human Development Extramural Research).
Is there a cost sharing or matching requirement?
No. The FOA states there is no cost sharing or matching requirement.
When was this opportunity posted?
The opportunity was posted on November 21, 2006.
Are there specific due dates for applications?
The opportunity had multiple receipt dates, and applicants were directed to the full FOA for the specific deadlines.
Is this FOA still active?
No. The announcement was later archived on April 5, 2009.
Who is eligible to apply?
Eligibility is broad and includes public and private institutions of higher education; nonprofits (with and without 501(c)(3) status); small businesses; and other for-profit organizations (with for-profits other than small businesses explicitly listed as eligible). It also includes various units of local and state government, tribal governments and tribal organizations, school districts, housing authorities, and special district governments.
Are foreign institutions eligible to apply?
Yes. The announcement states that foreign institutions are eligible to apply.
Can federal agencies apply?
Yes. The announcement states that eligible federal agencies may apply.
Are faith-based and community-based organizations eligible?
Yes. The announcement explicitly states that faith-based and community-based organizations are eligible.
Where can applicants find the complete FOA text?
NIH directed applicants to the complete FOA text at http://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/pa-files/PA-07-044.html.
Who should be contacted for access or linking issues related to the FOA page?
NIH provided NIH Office of Extramural Research (OER) webmaster contacts for access or linking issues: FBOWebmaster@OD.NIH.GOV.
What funding activity category does this opportunity fall under?
The FOA is described as a discretionary grant opportunity and falls under the health-related funding activity category.
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